Anesthesiology
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Volatile Anesthetics versus Propofol for Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.
Volatile anaesthesia is associated with both lower long-term mortality and less myocardial infarction compared to propofol anaesthesia for cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.
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As more older adults undergo surgery, it is critical to understand the long-term effects of surgery on brain health, particularly in relation to the development of Alzheimer's disease. This study examined the association of surgical hospitalization with subsequent brain β-amyloid deposition in nondemented older adults. ⋯ The results do not support an association between surgical hospitalization and elevated brain amyloid.
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The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 has been used to measure postoperative disability in several clinical trials and cohort studies. It is uncertain what the minimal clinically important difference or patient-acceptable symptom state scores are for this scale in patients recovering from surgery. ⋯ A change in World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 score of 5% or more after surgery is consistent with a clinically important change in disability. Patients with a score less than 16% after surgery have an acceptable symptom state and can be considered as disability-free, whereas patients with a score of 35% or more can be considered as having at least moderate clinically significant disability.
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While persistent opioid use after surgery has been the subject of a large number of studies, it is unknown how much variability in the definition of persistent use impacts the reported incidence across studies. The objective was to evaluate the incidence of persistent use estimated with different definitions using a single cohort of postoperative patients, as well as the ability of each definition to identify patients with opioid-related adverse events. ⋯ The incidence of persistent opioid use reported after surgery varies more than 100-fold depending on the definition used. Definitions varied markedly in their sensitivity for identifying adverse opioid-related event, with low sensitivity overall across measures.
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and deadly complication after cardiac surgery. In the absence of effective therapies, a focus on risk factor identification and modification has been the mainstay of management. The authors sought to determine the impact of intraoperative hypotension on de novo postoperative renal replacement therapy in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, hypothesizing that prolonged periods of hypotension during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were associated with an increased risk of renal replacement therapy. ⋯ MAP less than 65 mmHg for 10 min or more post-CPB is associated with an increased risk of de novo postoperative renal replacement therapy. The association between intraoperative hypotension and AKI was weaker in comparison to factors such as renal insufficiency, heart failure, obesity, anemia, complex or emergent surgery, and new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation. Nonetheless, post-CPB hypotension is a potentially easier modifiable risk factor that warrants further investigation.