Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA randomized, double-blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different doses of palonosetron versus placebo in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting over a 72-hour period.
We designed this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study to assess the efficacy and safety of three doses of palonosetron, compared with placebo, on the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in inpatients for 72 h after surgery. ⋯ A single 0.075-mg IV dose of palonosetron effectively reduced the severity of nausea and delayed the time to emesis and treatment failure in the inpatient surgical setting; lower doses were not as effective.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialA dose-ranging study of intraarticular midazolam for pain relief after knee arthroscopy.
A variety of analgesic techniques have been used to manage postoperative pain after arthroscopic knee surgery. Intraarticular midazolam may have an analgesic effect similar to that seen when midazolam is used in a centroneuraxial fashion. ⋯ We conclude that when intraarticular midazolam was compared with placebo there was a reduction in pain after day-case arthroscopic knee surgery; however, this pain relief was of relatively short duration.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized controlled trial of pudendal nerve block for pain relief after episiotomy.
Pain from episiotomy or perineal tears during childbirth is associated with significant pain in the postpartum period. We performed this randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of nerve stimulator-guided unilateral pudendal nerve block for pain relief after episiotomy. ⋯ This study demonstrates that nerve stimulator-guided unilateral pudendal nerve block with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/mL is associated with decreased pain and need for additional analgesics during the first 48 h postepisiotomy.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA multiple-day regimen of parecoxib sodium 20 mg twice daily provides pain relief after total hip arthroplasty.
This multicenter, multiple-dose, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study compared the analgesic efficacy and safety of two dosing regimens of parecoxib sodium (parecoxib) versus placebo after total hip arthroplasty. ⋯ Multiple-day administration of parecoxib 20 mg once or twice daily is effective and generally well tolerated after total hip arthroplasty.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe effects of varying local anesthetic concentration and volume on continuous popliteal sciatic nerve blocks: a dual-center, randomized, controlled study.
It remains unknown whether local anesthetic concentration, or simply total drug dose, is the primary determinant of continuous peripheral nerve block effects. We therefore tested the null hypothesis that providing different concentrations and rates of ropivacaine, but at equal total doses, produces comparable effects when used in a continuous sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa. ⋯ For continuous popliteal-sciatic nerve blocks, local anesthetic concentration and volume influence block characteristics. Insensate limbs were far more common with larger volumes of relatively dilute ropivacaine. During continuous sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa, a relatively concentrated solution in smaller volume thus appears preferable.