Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIpsilateral transversus abdominis plane block provides effective analgesia after appendectomy in children: a randomized controlled trial.
The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block provides effective postoperative analgesia in adults undergoing major abdominal surgery. Its efficacy in children remains unclear, with no randomized clinical trials in this population. In this study, we evaluated its analgesic efficacy over the first 48 postoperative hours after appendectomy performed through an open abdominal incision, in a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. ⋯ Unilateral TAP block, as a component of a multimodal analgesic regimen, provided superior analgesia compared with placebo in the first 48 postoperative hours after appendectomy in children.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe influence of time of day of administration on duration of opioid labor analgesia.
Medications administered into the epidural or intrathecal space for labor analgesia may demonstrate variable effects dependent on time of day, and this may affect clinical research trials investigating the pharmacology of specific drugs. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the effect of time of day of administration of intrathecal fentanyl and systemic hydromorphone labor analgesia from data collected as part of a randomized clinical trial examining the influence of analgesia method on labor outcome. ⋯ Time of day of administration did not seem to influence combined spinal-epidural or systemic labor analgesia duration under these study conditions.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect on postoperative sore throat of spraying the endotracheal tube cuff with benzydamine hydrochloride, 10% lidocaine, and 2% lidocaine.
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication after endotracheal intubation. We compared the effectiveness on POST of spraying the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff with benzydamine hydrochloride, 10% lidocaine, and 2% lidocaine. ⋯ Spraying benzydamine hydrochloride on the ETT cuff is a simple and effective method to reduce the incidence and severity of POST.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEstimation and pharmacodynamic consequences of the minimum effective anesthetic volumes for median and ulnar nerve blocks: a randomized, double-blind, controlled comparison between ultrasound and nerve stimulation guidance.
Nerve stimulation and ultrasound guidance are the most popular techniques for peripheral nerve blocks. However, the minimum effective anesthetic volume (MEAV) in selected nerves for both techniques and the consequences of decreasing the local anesthetic volume on the pharmacodynamic characteristics of nerve block remain unstudied. We designed a randomized, double-blind controlled comparison between neurostimulation and ultrasound guidance to estimate the MEAV of 1.5% mepivacaine and pharmacodynamics in median and ulnar nerve blocks. ⋯ Ultrasound guidance selectively provided a 50% reduction in the MEAV of mepivacaine 1.5% for median nerve sensory blockade in comparison with neurostimulation. Decreasing the local anesthetic volume can decrease sensory block duration but not onset time.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe effectiveness of benzydamine hydrochloride spraying on the endotracheal tube cuff or oral mucosa for postoperative sore throat.
The etiology of postoperative sore throat (POST) is considered to be the result of laryngoscopy, intubation damage, or inflated cuff compression of the tracheal mucosa. In this study, we compared the effectiveness in alleviating POST using different approaches to benzydamine hydrochloride (BH) administration by spraying the endotracheal tube (ET) cuff or the oropharyngeal cavity, or both. ⋯ This study indicates that spraying BH on the ET cuff decreases the incidence and severity of POST without increased BH-related adverse effects.