Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Nov 2019
ReviewOutcomes research in non-specific low back pain : Knowledge transfer in clinical practice.
The aims of this article are to provide an overview and discuss current concepts and future trends in outcomes research in non-specific low back pain, specifically considering the perspective of patients, patient-reported outcomes and outcome measures as well as to facilitate knowledge transfer into clinical practice. ⋯ Active patient involvement is an essential part of non-pharmacological treatment in low back pain and needs to be considered in terms of outcomes and outcome measurement.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jun 2019
ReviewAssociation between muscular strength and depressive symptoms : A narrative review.
There is increasing evidence for an association between low muscular strength and depressive symptoms. In this review the existing literature on the association between muscular strength and depression particularly in older people as reported in epidemiological studies is summarized. From the literature search, conducted in PubMed (January 1980-May 2018), 17 papers (8 cross-sectional and 9 longitudinal studies) were selected. ⋯ The majority of the longitudinal studies also reported that low muscular strength was independently associated with a higher risk of developing depression but more studies are needed to confirm this evidence. Furthermore, future investigations are needed to explore the exact mechanisms of muscular strength in relation to depression. Low muscular strength is a modifiable factor for depression, which is of great public health interest.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose tolerance disorder with onset during pregnancy and is associated with increased feto-maternal morbidity as well as long-term complications in mother and child. Women who fulfil the criteria of a manifest diabetes in early pregnancy (fasting plasma glucose >126 mg/dl, spontaneous glucose level >200 mg/dl or HbA1c > 6.5% before 20 weeks of gestation) should be classified as having manifest diabetes in pregnancy and treated as such. Screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes at the first prenatal visit (evidence level B) is particularly recommended in women at increased risk (history of GDM or prediabetes, malformation, stillbirth, successive abortions or birth weight >4500 g in previous pregnancies, obesity, metabolic syndrome, age >35 years, vascular disease, clinical symptoms of diabetes, e. g. glucosuria, or ethnic groups with increased risk for GDM/T2DM, e.g. ⋯ Monitoring of the development of children and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle are necessary for the whole family. Regular obstetric examinations including ultrasound examinations are recommended. Within the framework of neonatal care, neonates of GDM mothers should undergo blood glucose measurements and if necessary appropriate measures should be initiated.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · May 2019
Review[Insulin therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Update 2019)].
The present article is a recommendation of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the practical use of insulin in type 2 diabetes, including the various insulin regimens.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · May 2019
Review[Diabetes mellitus-Definition, classification, diagnosis, screening and prevention (Update 2019)].
Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of heterogeneous disorders, which have an increase in blood glucose concentrations in common. The current classification for diabetes mellitus is presented and the main features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are compared. ⋯ The increasing prevalence of diabetes requires targeted screening for detecting diabetes and prediabetes in risk groups. This forms the basis for the early initiation of measures to prevent the onset of diabetes in these risk groups and to delay the progression of diabetes.