Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2023
[Geriatric aspects for the management of diabetes mellitus (Update 2023)].
There is a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the elderly population of industrial countries. The present article provides recommendations for the screening, prevention and treatment of elderly diabetic patients according to current scientific evidence.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2023
[Lipids-Diagnosis and therapy in diabetes mellitus (Update 2023)].
Hyper- and dyslipidemia contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Pharmacological therapy to lower LDL cholesterol has convincingly shown to reduce cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. The present article represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the use of lipid-lowering drugs in diabetic patients according to current scientific evidence.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2023
[Smoking, heated tobacco products, alcohol and diabetes mellitus (update 2023)].
Smoking and second-hand smoke strongly increase incidence of diabetes and probability for its complications. Smoking cessation can lead to weight gain and increased diabetes risk; however, it decreases cardiovascular and total mortality. A basal diagnostics (Fagerström Test, exhaled CO) is the basis for successful smoking cessation. ⋯ Moderate consumption of alcohol possibly decreases risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Selection bias and underreporting in studies maybe contribute to a too optimistic view. On the other hand, alcohol increases in a dose dependant fashion excess morbidity and disability adjusted life years, especially by cancer, liver diseases and infections.
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The present article is a recommendation of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the practical use of injection therapy (GLP1-receptor agonists and insulin) in type 2 diabetes.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2023
[Sex and gender-specific aspects in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus-clinical recommendations (Update 2023)].
Metabolic diseases dramatically affect the life of men and women from infancy up to old age in different and manifold ways and are a major challenge for the healthcare system. The treating physicians are confronted with the different needs of women and men in the clinical routine. Gender-specific differences affect pathophysiology, screening, diagnostic and treatment strategies of diseases as well as the development of complications and mortality rates. ⋯ A history of gestational diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as well as increased androgen levels and decreased estrogen levels in women and the presence of erectile dysfunction or decreased testosterone levels in men are important sex-specific risk factors for the development of diabetes. Many studies showed that women with diabetes reach their target values for HbA1c, blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol less often than their male counterparts, although the reasons are unclear. Furthermore, sex differences in the effects, pharmacokinetics and side effects of pharmacological treatment should be taken more into consideration.