Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 1998
Case ReportsInterstitial glycerol as a marker for membrane phospholipid degradation in the acutely injured human brain.
Brain interstitial glycerol was studied as a potential marker for membrane phospholipid degradation in acute human brain injury. ⋯ This study suggests that membrane phospholipid degradation occurs in human cerebral ischaemia. Interstitial glycerol harvested by microdialysis seems to be a promising tool for monitoring of membrane lipolysis in acute brain injury. The marker may be useful for studies on cell membrane injury mechanisms mediated by for example, Ca2+ disturbances, excitatory amino acids, and reactive oxygen species; and in the evaluation of new neuroprotective therapeutic strategies.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 1998
Case ReportsPosterior communicating artery aneurysm presenting with haemorrhage into an arachnoid cyst.
A patient is reported on with a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) from an aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery, who initially presented with a sentinel bleed into an arachnoid cyst and normal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the intracranial vasculature which led to a delay in diagnosis. Although this is a very rare presentation of a relatively common condition, it is important to recognise the importance of intracystic haemorrhage in such circumstances as well as the limitations of MRA, as a delay in diagnosis may have serious clinical consequences.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 1998
Hypofunction in the posterior cingulate gyrus correlates with disorientation for time and place in Alzheimer's disease.
The relation between orientation for time and place and regional cerebral glucose metabolism was examined in 86 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease of minimal to moderate severity. Regional glucose metabolic rates in the posterior cingulate gyri and in the right middle temporal gyrus were significantly correlated with temporal orientation, and the glucose metabolic rate in the right posterior cingulate gyrus was significantly correlated with locational orientation irrespective of age, sex, education, and memory impairment. The results suggest that dysfunction of these structures plays an important part in producing disorientation in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 1998
Clinical study of primary progressive multiple sclerosis in Northern Ireland, UK.
To investigate the clinical and demographic characteristics of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) in Northern Ireland and to establish a database of such patients for genetic and immunological studies and future therapeutic trials. ⋯ PPMS in Northern Ireland has a generally later age at onset, lower female preponderance, and predominantly motor onset compared with other subgroups of multiple sclerosis. The delay to diagnosis reflects the often insidious onset and the nature of the clinical course makes application of the Poser criteria difficult. Levels of neurological impairment, disability, and handicap as measured by the MRD are high.