Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jun 2004
Comparative StudyWhite matter hyperintensities are significantly associated with cortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease.
Methodological variability in the assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in dementia may explain inconsistent reports of its prevalence and impact on cognition. We used a method of brain MRI segmentation for quantifying both tissue and WMH volumes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and examined the association between WMH and structural and cognitive variables. ⋯ Objective measurements of tissue volumes in AD demonstrated that WMH are significantly related to cortical atrophy and neuropsychological impairment.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jun 2004
Comparative StudyMotor overflow in Huntington's disease.
We investigated both motor overflow and ability to control voluntary movement in patients with Huntington's disease (HD). We hypothesised that, compared with controls, overflow would be significantly greater in HD participants and that they would exhibit poorer control of voluntary movement. ⋯ In addition, the degree of overflow in HD participants positively correlated with overall UHDRS motor symptom severity. The presence of exacerbated motor overflow in HD, and its correlation with symptom severity, is an important finding worthy of further investigation.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jun 2004
Comparative StudyDoes the method of treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms influence the incidence and duration of cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome?
Cerebral vasospasm remains the leading cause of death and permanent disability after subarachnoid haemorrhage. This study determined whether the method of aneurysm treatment plays an important role in determining the incidence of cerebral vasospasm and its clinical consequences. ⋯ The treatment method had no influence on the incidence or duration of TCD detected vasospasm and there was no significant difference in outcome at discharge or follow up between those patients who had surgery or endovascular management of their aneurysms.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jun 2004
ReviewMonitoring and interpretation of intracranial pressure.
Intracranial pressure (ICP) is derived from cerebral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulatory dynamics and can be affected in the course of many diseases of the central nervous system. Monitoring of ICP requires an invasive transducer, although some attempts have been made to measure it non-invasively. Because of its dynamic nature, instant CSF pressure measurement using the height of a fluid column via lumbar puncture may be misleading. ⋯ Information which can be derived from ICP and its waveforms includes cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), regulation of cerebral blood flow and volume, CSF absorption capacity, brain compensatory reserve, and content of vasogenic events. Some of these parameters allow prediction of prognosis of survival following head injury and optimisation of "CPP-guided therapy". In hydrocephalus CSF dynamic tests aid diagnosis and subsequent monitoring of shunt function.