Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2023
Brain age gap in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.
To evaluate the clinical significance of deep learning-derived brain age prediction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) relative to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). ⋯ There is a clear BAG in NMOSD, although smaller than in RRMS. The BAG is a clinically relevant MRI marker in NMOSD and RRMS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2023
Cerebrospinal fluid β-synuclein as a synaptic biomarker for preclinical Alzheimer's disease.
β-synuclein (β-syn) is a presynaptic protein, whose cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels are increased in patients with Alzheimer's diseases (AD) showing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (dem). Here, we aimed to investigate CSF β-syn in subjects at different AD stages, including preclinical AD (pre-AD), and to compare its behaviour with another synaptic biomarker, α-synuclein (α-syn), and two biomarkers of neuro-axonal damage, namely neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) and total tau protein (t-tau). ⋯ CSF β-syn increases in the whole AD continuum since the preclinical stage and represents a promising biomarker of synaptic damage in AD.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2023
Circadian rhythm of ischaemic core progression in human stroke.
Experimental stroke studies suggest an influence of the time of day of stroke onset on infarct progression. Whether this holds true after human stroke is unknown, but would have implications for the design of randomised controlled trials, especially those on neuroprotection. ⋯ These results suggest that human infarct progression varies across the 24-hour cycle with potential implications for the design and interpretation of neuroprotection trials.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2023
Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of rituximab in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders compared with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rituximab (RTX) efficacy in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disorders (MOGADs) is still poorly understood, though it appears to be lower than in aquaporin-4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG+NMOSDs). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy and safety profile of RTX in patients with MOGAD and to compare RTX efficacy between MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD. ⋯ CRD42020175439.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2023
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyLevetiracetam versus fosphenytoin as a second-line treatment after diazepam for adult convulsive status epilepticus: a multicentre non-inferiority randomised control trial.
Status epilepticus (SE) is an emergency condition for which rapid and secured cessation is crucial. Although fosphenytoin (FPHT) is recommended as a second-line treatment, levetiracetam (LEV) reportedly has similar efficacy, but higher safety. Therefore, we herein compared LEV with FPHT in adult SE. ⋯ The efficacy of LEV was similar to that of FPHT for adult SE following the administration of diazepam. LEV may be recommended as a second-line treatment for SE along with phenytoin/FPHT.