Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Genetics impact risk of Alzheimer's disease through mechanisms modulating structural brain morphology in late life.
Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neuropathological changes can occur decades before clinical symptoms. We aimed to investigate whether neurodevelopment and/or neurodegeneration affects the risk of AD, through reducing structural brain reserve and/or increasing brain atrophy, respectively. ⋯ Genetic liability to AD is likely to affect risk of AD primarily through mechanisms affecting indicators of brain morphology in later life, rather than structural brain reserve. Future studies with repeated measures are required for a better understanding and certainty of the mechanisms at play.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Exploring the cost-effectiveness of EBV vaccination to prevent multiple sclerosis in an Australian setting.
Increasing evidence suggests the potential of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) vaccination in preventing multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to explore the cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical EBV vaccination to prevent MS in an Australian setting. ⋯ MS prevention using future EBV vaccinations, particularly targeted at adolescence population, is highly likely to be cost-effective.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Evolution of brain MRI lesions in paediatric myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and its relevance to disease course.
Lesion resolution is often observed in children with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and asymptomatic lesions are less commonly reported in MOGAD than in multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ These striking differences in lesion dynamics between MOGAD and MS suggest greater potential to repair. Early treatment with steroids and plasma exchange is associated with reduced likelihood of new lesions.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Serum biomarker levels predict disability progression in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis.
We aimed to investigate the potential of serum biomarker levels to predict disability progression in a multicentric real-world cohort of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). ⋯ Levels of sNfL, sGFAP and sCHI3L1 are prognostic biomarkers associated with disability progression in patients with PPMS, being CHI3L1 findings less dependent on the inflammatory component associated with disease progression.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Binary reversals: a diagnostic sign in primary progressive aphasia.
Binary reversals (exemplified by 'yes'/'no' confusions) have been described in patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) but their diagnostic value and phenotypic correlates have not been defined. ⋯ Binary reversals are a sensitive (though not specific) neurolinguistic feature of nfvPPA, and should suggest this diagnosis if present as a prominent early symptom.