Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of a Multimodal Exercise Program on Physical Function, Falls, and Injuries in Older Women: A 2-Year Community-Based, Randomized Controlled Trial.
To investigate the effects of multimodal supervised exercise on physical functioning, falls, and related injuries in older women. ⋯ Twenty-four months of multimodal exercise enhanced physical functioning in women aged 70 to 80 with a history of falls. Although the total number of falls was not lower than in controls, the rate of medically attended injurious falls was more than 50% lower.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Observational Study
Impaired olfaction and risk of delirium or cognitive decline after cardiac surgery.
To determine the prevalence of impaired olfaction in individuals presenting for cardiac surgery and the independent association between impaired olfaction and postoperative delirium and cognitive decline. ⋯ Impaired olfaction is prevalent in individuals undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with greater adjusted risk of postoperative delirium but not cognitive decline. Impaired olfaction may identify unrecognized vulnerability to postoperative delirium in individuals undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intervention with the screening tool of older persons potentially inappropriate prescriptions/screening tool to alert doctors to right treatment criteria in elderly residents of a chronic geriatric facility: a randomized clinical trial.
To assess the effect of a Screening Tool of Older Persons potentially inappropriate Prescriptions/Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (STOPP/START) medication intervention on clinical and economic outcomes. ⋯ Implementation of STOPP/START criteria reduced the number of medications, falls, and costs in a geriatric facility. Their incorporation in those and similar settings is recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tryptophan supplementation and postoperative delirium--a randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether the postoperative administration of tryptophan would be beneficial for elderly adults undergoing surgery who are at risk of developing postoperative delirium. ⋯ Postoperative tryptophan supplementation in older adults undergoing major elective operations requiring postoperative ICU admission did not reduce the incidence or duration of postoperative excitatory delirium or overall delirium.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Structured pharmaceutical analysis of the Systematic Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Prescribing is an effective method for final-year medical students to improve polypharmacy skills: a randomized controlled trial.
Medical students may not be adequately trained to prescribe appropriately to older adults with polypharmacy. This study addressed how to teach students to minimize inappropriate polypharmacy. Final-year medical students (N = 106) from two Dutch schools of medicine participated in this randomized controlled trial with a pre/posttest design. ⋯ E-learning did not have a different effect from that of non-E-learning methods. Students were satisfied with the method. The STRIP method is effective in helping final-year medical students improve their prescribing skills.