RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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Comparative Study
[Evaluation of the contribution of the importance of neuroimaging for the diagnostics of dementias--comparison to the psychological diagnostics].
While psychology is accepted as a necessary component of the dementia diagnostics, the extended clinical diagnostics with neuroimaging is differently estimated. The goal of the study is the quantification of the individual contribution of the two different methods. ⋯ Psychology improves the diagnostic accuracy of dementias. Neuroimaging improves the differential diagnosis of dementias and supplies additional clinically relevant findings. In the qualified diagnostics and differential diagnostics of the dementias both methods are indispensable.
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Comparative Study
[Endovascular therapy of abdominal aortic aneurysm: results of a mid-term follow-up].
Prospective study to evaluate clinical results and complications of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment in a mid-term follow-up. ⋯ In selected patients, endovascular aneurysm treatment is an effective alternative to open surgery. It is safely performed in local anesthesia with low mortality rate and a low number of acute complications. Intermediate follow-up revealed re-interventions in around one quarer of all patients, especially when Vanguard or Stentor endografts were implanted. Primary coil embolization of all aortic branches prior to endovascular grafting improves clinical outcome. Insufficient proximal fixation and its consecutive complications remains a major problem of this method.
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This study assesses the left ventricular function using a new multislice cine sequence and determines the diagnostic accuracy of stress-induced wall motion abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ The multislice sequence results in a substantial reduction of imaging time and breath-hold periods necessary to cover the left ventricle for functional assessment. The multislice sequence yields adequate images, especially for qualitative determination of wall motion abnormalities. Due to the reduced spatial and temporal resolution of the multi-slice sequence, however, some uncertainty concerning the functional parameters has to be taken into account.
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The so-called non-occlusive disease (NOD) or non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a severe and life-threatening pathology. Even under optimal circumstances and standardised diagnostic and therapeutic procedures maximum survival rates do not exceed 50 %. The NOD is a pathology of the elder patient and its incidence rises with other comorbidities such as reduced cardiac output, diabetes and renal insufficiency. ⋯ The only sufficient method for diagnosis implicating a possible treatment option seems to be an immediate angiographic examination. Because of the disappointing results of a solitary surgical approach transarterial medication via catheter is indicated. Depending of the course of the disease only a combination of local mesenteric infusion of vasodilatory drugs and surgical resection of already necrotic bowel promises a successful therapeutic approach and better survival rates.
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Determination of disease extension and disease activity are in the foreground of diagnostic imaging in vasculitides. There are several radiologic modalities available each having specific indications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) readily depicts granulomas and mucosal inflammations in the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity and orbits. ⋯ Plain film radiography in two planes is the established modality for pulmonary imaging. In pulmonary vasculitides a more thorough analysis of lung disease is provided by high resolution computed tomography. Diagnostic imaging does substantially assist in the interdisciplinary management of patients suffering from vasculitides.