Spine
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The present study evaluated the anterior sacral foramen using plain radiographs and projected the positions of S1-S3 anterior sacral foramen and corresponding nerve root groove on the posterior aspect of the sacrum. ⋯ The outlet projection is the most useful view in plain radiographs for the evaluation of sacral foramens and pedicles. Quantitative data of the anterior sacral foramen's anatomic position on the dorsal aspect of the sacrum may be helpful in the sacral pedicle screw placement.
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The in vitro tensile behavior of multiple-layer samples of anulus fibrosus were investigated from nondegenerate intervertebral discs. ⋯ The observed variations in tensile behavior of multiple-layer anulus samples indicate that larger variations in tensile modulus and failure properties occur with radial position in the disc than from anterior to posterolateral regions. This pattern is likely related to site-specific variations in the tensile properties of the single-layer samples of anulus fibrosus lamellae and the organization of successive lamellae and their interactions. The results of the present study suggest that factors other than age, such as compositional and structural variations in the disc, are the most important determinants of tensile behavior of the anulus fibrosus.
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Titanium miniplates are used to secure the posterior elements in the open position after expansive open-door laminoplasty. Preoperative and postoperative spinal canal dimensions are measured to assess the effectiveness of this technique. ⋯ Normal canal dimensions can be reestablished with open-door laminoplasty. Achieving and maintaining an increased sagittal canal diameter is probably the most important change in anatomic parameters to facilitate neurologic recovery. The use of titanium miniplates to stabilize the posterior elements after laminoplasty is a simple, durable, and effective technique to maintain the increased sagittal diameter of the spinal canal.
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Cross-section observational study of incident spinal fractures using an administrative data-base. ⋯ Ambulatory care of spine injuries is more common than hospital care. Two peaks of incidence occur-in young men and elderly women. Future decisions for research, public health policy, and resource allocation can be based on these data.
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Asymptomatic subjects and chronic head/neck pain sufferers were studied with high-field magnetic resonance imaging and cervical discography to compare and correlate both tests. ⋯ Significant cervical disc anular tears often escape magnetic resonance imaging detection, and magnetic resonance imaging cannot reliably identify the source(s) of cervical discogenic pain.