Spine
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The dimensions and shapes of vertebral body endplates of inferior L4, inferior and superior L5, and superior S1 were analyzed. Computed tomographic scans parallel to each endplate were used to develop a standardized geometric model of the boundaries of each vertebral body. ⋯ Although the female endplates are smaller than their male counterparts, the overall shapes are similar.
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A retrospective cohort study of Michigan workers' compensation cases involving back injuries in 1986 and 1987 with incidence and outcome data. ⋯ The relative risk of compensable back injury is generally higher for females in white collar occupations, higher for males in blue collar occupations and approximately equal in service occupations. Although the risk of back injury is related to occupation, the same occupational factors do not operate as a barrier to return to work.
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Case Reports
Ossification of the ligamenta flava with severe myelopathy in a black patient. A case report.
A case of symptomatic ossification of ligamenta flava in a black man from Martinique (French West Indies) is reported. ⋯ Ossification of ligamenta flava may occur in black people. An incomplete postoperative recovery may be observed in such cases of unusual subacute compressive myelopathy.
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An anatomic study of the peripheral nerves innervating the occipital region. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that optimal locations for blockade techniques should be reconsidered. The acquired knowledge concerning greater auricular and minor occipital nerves behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle may aid in preventing intraoperative injuries.
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A case of a late infantile atlantoaxial rotatory fixation is reported for which transoral anterior release was performed. ⋯ The authors suggest that careful transoral anterior release of the atlantoaxial joint permits successful reduction in a case of chronic fixed atlantoaxial rotatory fixation combined with cord compression.