Spine
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Review Case Reports
Sacral stress fractures: an unusual cause of low back pain in an athlete.
A case report of a sacral stress fracture causing low back pain in an athlete. ⋯ Sacral stress fractures should be included in the differential diagnosis of athletes with low back pain, particularly runners and volleyball players. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first report of a volleyball player with a sacral stress fracture. A review of the literature yielded 29 cases of sacral stress fractures in athletes, mainly runners.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Perioperative use of corticosteroid and bupivacaine combination in lumbar disc surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
A prospective and controlled study of perioperative use of combined local anesthetic and corticosteroid in lumbar disc surgery. ⋯ It is concluded that the perioperative use of bupivacaine and corticosteroids during lumbar discectomy maintains effective postoperative analgesia and decreases opioid usage without complications.
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Clinical Trial
The relation between the transversus abdominis muscles, sacroiliac joint mechanics, and low back pain.
Two abdominal muscle patterns were tested in the same group of individuals, and their effects were compared in relation to sacroiliac joint laxity. One pattern was contraction of the transversus abdominis, independently of the other abdominals; the other was a bracing action that used all the lateral abdominal muscles. ⋯ Contraction of the transversus abdominis significantly decreases the laxity of the sacroiliac joint. This decrease in laxity is larger than that caused by a bracing action using all the lateral abdominal muscles. These findings are in line with the authors' biomechanical model predictions and support the use of independent transversus abdominis contractions for the treatment of low back pain.
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Prospective analysis of a consecutive series of adult patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis of the adult and de novo degenerative scoliosis. ⋯ This quantitative analysis identified several clinically relevant radiographic parameters in adult scoliosis patients. Additionally, excellent predictive formulas for self-reported pain levels were obtained.
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A retrospective radiographic evaluation of 32 patients with hyperrotatory scoliosis accompanied by paradoxic hyperkyphosis, who were treated with posterior multilevel hook instrumentation. ⋯ If the apex of the scoliosis and the kyphosis are on the same level, the vertebral hyperrotation is responsible for the sagittal malalignment. Satisfactory results can be achieved with posterior multilevel hook instrumentation.