Spine
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Review article of current knowledge of animal models used in the investigations of fusionless scoliosis surgery. ⋯ Fusionless scoliosis surgery offers theoretical advantages over brace treatment and surgery. Like bracing, fusionless treatments preserve growth, motion, and function of the spine. Like surgery, these treatments offer substantial correction of deformity. However, minimally invasive fusionless scoliosis surgery is less extensive than fusion surgery and may avoid adjacent segment degeneration and other complications related to fusion. Additional investigations are required to identify optimal implant strategies, to evaluate the effects of these implants of the spine and surrounding structures, and to define the appropriate patient population for these interventions.
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Review article regarding the developing field of cellular therapies for symptomatic disc degeneration. ⋯ Continued research is warranted to further define the optimal cell type, scaffolds, and adjuvants that will allow successful disc repair in human patients.
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Comparative Study
Intervertebral motion after incremental damage to the posterior structures of the cervical spine.
Compare intervertebral motion after incremental damage to posterior cervical structures in whole cadavers to motion in asymptomatic subjects. ⋯ Radiographic assessment of the cervical spine may not be sufficient to exclude even extensive damage to the posterior structures of the cervical spine.
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Prospective cohort study. ⋯ The Bryan artificial cervical disc provided in vivo functional spinal motion at the operated level, reproducing the preoperative kinematics of the spondylotic disc.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Vertebroplasty by use of a strontium-containing bioactive bone cement.
A review of the laboratory and clinical data for a new strontium-containing hydroxyapatite bioactive bone cement. ⋯ Oral strontium has been shown to induce new bone formation and is effective in reducing fracture risk in osteoporosis. Our data suggest that strontium delivered locally has the same effect; thus, the combination of strontium with HA in a cement with a low setting temperature, adequate stiffness, and low viscosity makes this a good bioactive cement for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.