Spine
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A longitudinal case study. ⋯ Pedicle screw instrumentation performed before the age of 5 years does not cause a negative effect on the growth of pedicles, the transverse plane of the vertebral body, or the spinal canal. It can be safely performed in the treatment of deformity in this age group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Acetaminophen improves analgesia but does not reduce opioid requirement after major spine surgery in children and adolescents.
A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to evaluate the effect of intravenously (IV) administered acetaminophen on postoperative pain in children and adolescents undergoing surgery for idiopathic scoliosis or spondylolisthesis. ⋯ IV-administered acetaminophen 90 mg/kg/day, adjuvant to oxycodone, did improve analgesia, but did not diminish oxycodone consumption during 24 hours after major spine surgery in children and adolescents. All acetaminophen concentrations were in nontoxic levels.
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A prospective follow-up study. ⋯ An optimal intravertebral cement volume was identified for accomplishment of pain relief through PVP in painful OVCFs. Appropriate thresholds were provided to guide the operator.
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An in vitro biomechanical and imaging study generated from an in vivo porcine model of early stage degenerative disc disease was used to evaluate mechanical property restoration, comparing 2 minimally invasive injection techniques. ⋯ The TMHA/EP composite can restore initial mechanical behavior in early-stage disc degeneration. Although both augmentation methods yielded mechanical properties comparable with healthy controls, direct injection represents a simpler technique, uses a smaller-gauge needle, does not introduce air into the disc, and yields a dispersive pattern that may be beneficial for future delivery of cells or growth factors.