Spine
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A questionnaire survey. ⋯ N/A.
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A retrospective study. ⋯ 4.
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Retrospective study of benchmarking database. ⋯ There was variation in implant costs between medical centers and manufacturers of implants, with a small negative relationship between purchasing volume and cost. Transparency in cost negotiation, surgeon awareness of costs and alignment between surgeon and hospital goals may help decrease the cost of spinal implants, and the cost of care for patients undergoing instrumented fusions.
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Antimicrobial effect of a novel silver-impregnated pedicle screw in rabbits. ⋯ This novel experimental design of implantation in rabbits is easy to apply and resembles human stabilization technique. Modified Ti screws were shown to have antimicrobial effect especially inhibiting the biofilm formation. This anchored Ag NPs that remained after 21st day of implantation shows that it is resistant to tapping forces of the screw.
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Retrospective cohort study. ⋯ 4.