AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2019
Impact of a Health Information Technology-Enabled Appropriate Use Criterion on Utilization of Emergency Department CT for Renal Colic.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an appropriate use criterion (AUC) for renal colic based on local best practice, implemented as electronic clinical decision support (CDS), on the emergency department (ED) use of CT for patients with suspected nephrolithiasis. ⋯ Implementing an AUC based on local best practice as CDS may effectively curb potential imaging overuse in a subset of ED patients with renal colic unlikely to have a complicated course or alternative dangerous diagnosis.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) neural networks rapidly convert disparate facts and data into highly predictive analytic models. Machine learning maps image-patient phenotype correlations opaque to standard statistics. Deep learning performs accurate image-derived tissue characterization and can generate virtual CT images from MRI datasets. Natural language processing reads medical literature and efficiently reconfigures years of PACS and electronic medical record information. ⋯ AI logistics solve radiology informatics workflow pain points. Imaging professionals and companies will drive health care AI technology insertion. Data science and computer science will jointly potentiate the impact of AI applications for medical imaging.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Dec 2018
Utility of FDG PET/CT in the Characterization of Sinonasal Neoplasms: Analysis of Standardized Uptake Value Parameters.
We aimed to evaluate the contribution of different standardized uptake value (SUV) parameters generated from pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT in the characterization of sinonasal neoplasms with histopathologic correlations. ⋯ We conclude that different SUV parameters from FDG PET/CT can be used as so-called "metabolic biopsy" to categorize sinonasal neoplasms into different histopathologic subgroups because it can help in the characterization of some of the more common subgroups of sinonasal neoplasms. However, we found that there is overlap in FDG uptake values among some of the rare histologic subgroups; hence, surgical biopsy is still needed for differentiation of histologic subtypes of aggressive sinonasal masses.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Nov 2018
Comparative StudyPredicting Survival Using Pretreatment CT for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Transarterial Chemoembolization: Comparison of Models Using Radiomics.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of radiomics features as prognostic biomarkers for predicting the survival of patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ A radiomics approach combined with conventional clinical variables could be effective in predicting the survival of patients with HCC treated with TACE.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Nov 2018
Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography in Women With Intermediate Breast Cancer Risk and Dense Breasts.
The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) and ultrasound with that of standard digital mammography for breast cancer screening of women at intermediate risk who have dense breasts. ⋯ CESM was significantly more sensitive than standard digital mammography for detecting breast cancer in this screening population. No added benefit was found in the performance of ultrasound as an adjunct to CESM screens with negative results. CESM may be a valuable supplemental screening modality for women at intermediate risk who have dense breasts.