AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Mar 2006
Review Case ReportsRadiological reasoning: pulmonary embolism--thinking beyond the clots.
We discuss the CT findings in a case of pulmonary embolism complicated by paradoxical embolism in a patient with a patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm. ⋯ When confronted with a case of pulmonary embolism on CT, besides evaluating the extent of pulmonary artery occlusion, the radiologist should examine the cardiovascular system to identify any unsuspected underlying or associated conditions.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Feb 2006
ReviewWhen, why, and how to examine the heart during thoracic CT: Part 1, basic principles.
MDCT systems with fast scanning capabilities can acquire images of the thorax with reduced cardiac motion artifacts, enabling improved evaluation of the heart and surrounding structures in the course of routine thoracic CT. This article describes the principles of including an evaluation of the heart in the course of a chest CT examination in terms of both examination technique and image interpretation. In addition, both the normal appearances and some of the most common abnormal appearances of the cardiac structures will be described. ⋯ Details concerning the cardiac structures can inform interpretation of thoracic CT studies and can influence the patient's clinical management. Both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans can detect significant cardiac disorders that may otherwise go undetected. In certain situations, a CT examination of the entire chest, complemented by cardiac gating, can provide a more dedicated analysis of the heart and coronary arteries, providing both morphologic and functional information.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Dec 2005
Review Case ReportsImaging the anatomy of the brachial plexus: review and self-assessment module.
The educational objectives of this continuing medical education activity are to describe the normal anatomy of the brachial plexus, to name the most common symptoms associated with a brachial plexopathy, to describe the most common imaging findings resulting from trauma to the brachial plexus, to describe the imaging manifestations of common neoplasias affecting the brachial plexus, and to also describe the imaging findings and symptoms related to irradiation-induced brachial plexopathies. ⋯ In this article, I have illustrated and described the normal anatomy of the brachial plexus; the most common symptoms related to brachial plexopathy; and imaging findings related to trauma, tumors, and irradiation affecting the brachial plexus.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2005
ReviewImaging of transposed ovaries in patients with cervical carcinoma.
Lateral ovarian transposition is a surgical procedure performed in premenopausal women with pelvic malignancies in which the ovaries are surgically displaced from the pelvis, before radiation therapy. In this article, we present the imaging features of normal transposed ovaries as well as the spectrum of abnormalities associated with lateral ovarian transposition. ⋯ After lateral ovarian transposition, it is important to recognize the ovaries to avoid confusing them with peritoneal implants. In addition, benign ovarian lesions must be distinguished from primary and secondary malignancies.