AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Oct 1990
ReviewGunshot wounds: 1. Bullets, ballistics, and mechanisms of injury.
The nature and severity of a bullet wound depend on the characteristics of the bullet and of the tissues through which it travels. In addition to the mass and velocity of the bullet, its orientation and whether it fragments or deforms affect the nature of the wound. Two major mechanisms of wounding are described: crushing and stretching of tissue. Understanding the mechanisms by which bullets disrupt tissue can help physicians to evaluate and treat wounds.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 1990
ReviewRadiology of the cervical spine in trauma patients: practice pitfalls and recommendations for improving efficiency and communication.
Trauma constitutes a significant portion of emergency department practice. Such patients often have suspected cervical spine injury necessitating cervical spine radiographs. The importance of detecting cervical spine injury is obvious because failure to do so can lead to tragic consequences for patient and physician alike. ⋯ Overreliance on the initial radiologic examination may lead to inappropriate haste in the evaluation of suspected cervical region injury as exemplified by the commonly voiced mandate to "clear the cervical spine" of injury. This approach is discouraged in patients with significant trauma in favor of a careful, progressive evaluation of the potentially injured cervical spine. Periodic review of these complex issues and close cooperation between clinical services are emphasized.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 1988
ReviewThe Doppler signal: where does it come from and what does it mean?
Doppler sonographic measurement of blood velocity and associated physiologic parameters is a powerful diagnostic technique. State-of-the-art instrumentation incorporates velocity measurement with two-dimensional imaging capability; it uses intensity and color coding to display complex physiologic and anatomic data to the observer in an easily understood format. Although the concepts underlying Doppler sonography are not complex, mastery of the technique requires extra training and commitment. ⋯ Doppler sonographic measurements may be used to determine the presence of flow, determine the direction of flow, identify time-varying velocity characteristics, and detect velocity disturbances. Because flow and velocity are related, it is possible to estimate flow from velocity measurements with careful calibration and proper precautions. Velocity is related to flow, which, in turn, is related to both pressure and vascular resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Mar 1980
ReviewPostoperative chest radiograph: I. Alterations after abdominal surgery.
Postoperative cardiopulmonary complications remain a major cause of mortality and morbidity despite recent advances in intra- and postoperative management. The chest radiograph is a valuable aid in evaluating them. This paper reviews the major chest radiographic alterations after abdominal surgery and attempts to place them in clinical perspective.