AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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Key points. 1. CT is used to confirm the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis when the diagnosis is in doubt and to differentiate acute interstitial pancreatitis from necrotizing pancreatitis, which is a key element of the updated Atlanta nomenclature. The acute interstitial variety accounts for 90-95% of cases, with acute necrotizing pancreatitis accounting for the remaining cases. 2. ⋯ Mild acute pancreatitis has neither acute complications nor organ failure. Moderate-severity acute pancreatitis is associated with acute complications or organ failure lasting fewer than 48 hours. Severe acute pancreatitis is characterized by single- or multiorgan failure persisting for greater than 48 hours.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Oct 2014
Prognostic value of FDG PET metabolic tumor volume in human papillomavirus-positive stage III and IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
The purpose of this study was to establish the prognostic utility in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive stage III and IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the (18)F-FDG parameters maximal, mean, and peak standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean, and SUVpeak, respectively); metabolic tumor volume (MTV); and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). ⋯ Total MTV and primary-tumor MTV are associated with survival outcomes in patients with HPV-positive stage III and IV oropharyngeal SCC.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTransverse sinus stenosis in adult patients with Chiari malformation type I.
Transverse sinus stenosis is an imaging finding very highly associated with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Patients with the Chiari I malformation may potentially have elevated ICP due to impairment of CSF flow at the foramen magnum. This study evaluated whether patients with Chiari I malformation have transverse sinus stenosis and other imaging findings indicative of elevated ICP. ⋯ Patients with Chiari I malformation have higher likelihood of transverse sinus stenosis, which may reflect associated elevated ICP.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Oct 2014
ReviewFractures of the distal radius: postmanagement radiographic characterization.
The purpose of this article is to describe the management options available for the treatment of the distal radius fracture as well as potential associated complications. ⋯ There are a wide variety of currently accepted and used treatment options for fractures of the distal radius, ranging from closed reduction with casting to various forms of invasive surgical management. The radiologist must be familiar with these various forms of management to recognize complications when present on follow-up radiographs.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialChronic respiratory symptoms associated with airway wall thickening measured by thin-slice low-dose CT.
In lung cancer screening, the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms is high among heavy smokers. The purpose of this study was to compare CT-derived airway wall measurements between male smokers with and those without chronic respiratory symptoms. ⋯ Male heavy smokers with chronic respiratory symptoms in lung cancer screening, who are at high-risk of chronic bronchitis, have bronchial wall thickening in airways with a luminal diameter of 5-10 mm but not in larger airways.