AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2014
ReviewMalignant skin and subcutaneous neoplasms in adults: multimodality imaging with CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET/CT.
The purpose of this article is to enlighten radiologists with the clinical presentation, multimodality imaging features, local recurrence, distant spread, differential diagnosis, and prognosis of skin and subcutaneous malignancies. ⋯ Cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies represent the most common type of cancer and frequently present with overlapping imaging appearances. CT, MRI, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT are commonly used for staging, preoperative planning, and posttreatment assessment. Knowledge of the multimodality imaging features can narrow down the differential diagnosis and elucidate their metastatic pattern.
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The objective of our study was to evaluate the CT characteristics of globe rupture. ⋯ Although CT is extremely useful in the evaluation of ocular trauma, it should not be solely relied on for the diagnosis of globe rupture because of the potentially catastrophic consequences of an undiagnosed injury. A difference in ACD can be diagnostic of globe rupture.
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Recent technologic advances in MDCT have led to the introduction of dual-energy CT (DECT). The basic principle of DECT is to acquire images at two different energy levels simultaneously and to use the attenuation differences at these different energy levels for deriving additional information, such as virtual monochromatic images, artifact suppression, and material composition of various tissues. ⋯ A variety of image reconstruction and postprocessing techniques are available for better demonstration and characterization of pathologic abnormalities. DECT can provide both anatomic and functional information of different organ systems. This article focuses on the main applications of DECT in emergency radiology.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Apr 2014
Is the new ACR-SPR practice guideline for addition of oblique views of the ribs to the skeletal survey for child abuse justified?
The purpose of our study was to determine whether adding oblique bilateral rib radiography to the skeletal survey for child abuse significantly increases detection of the number of rib fractures. ⋯ Adding bilateral oblique rib radiographs to the skeletal survey results in increased rib fracture detection and increased confidence of readers.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Apr 2014
Diagnostic performance of algorithm for computer-assisted detection of significant coronary artery disease in patients with acute chest pain: comparison with invasive coronary angiography.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of an automated computer-assisted detection (CAD) algorithm to detect coronary artery stenosis on coronary CT angiography (CTA). ⋯ The CAD algorithm yields a high NPV in detecting stenosis of at least 50% on coronary CTA. As a second "reader," the CAD algorithm may help to exclude significant coronary stenosis in patients with acute chest pain at an emergency department.