Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyNon-compliance with the initial screening exam visit in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInvolving community stakeholders to increase park use and physical activity.
The aim of this study is to describe implementation of a randomized controlled trial of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to increase park use and physical activity across 33 diverse neighborhoods in Los Angeles. ⋯ Scaling up CBPR methods across diverse communities involved tradeoffs. CBPR is useful for tailoring research and enhancing community impact and sustainability, but more work is needed to understand how to conduct multi-site trials across diverse settings using CBPR.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized comparative effectiveness study of Healthy Directions 2--a multiple risk behavior intervention for primary care.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Healthy Directions 2 (HD2) intervention in the primary care setting. ⋯ Self-guided and coached intervention conditions had equivalent levels of effect in reducing multiple chronic disease risk factors, were relatively low cost, and thus are potentially useful for routine implementation in similar health settings.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTheory-based behavioral intervention increases self-reported physical activity in South African men: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether a health-promotion intervention increases South African men's adherence to physical-activity guidelines. ⋯ A theory-based culturally congruent intervention increased South African men's self-reported physical activity, a key contributor to deaths from non-communicable diseases in South Africa.
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Preventive medicine · May 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialParticipant characteristics and intervention processes associated with reductions in television viewing in the High Five for Kids study.
To evaluate the High Five for Kids intervention effect on television within subgroups, examine participant characteristics associated with process measures and assess perceived helpfulness of television intervention components. ⋯ Clinic-based motivational interviewing reduces television viewing in children. Low cost education approaches (e.g., printed materials) may be well-received. Parents of children at higher obesity risk could be more motivated to reduce television.