Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry · Apr 1998
A discriminative stimulus produced by 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-piperazine (mCPP) as a putative animal model of anxiety.
1. This study compares behavioral responses to serotonergic (5HT) agonists and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) in two behavioral paradigms used as animal models of anxiety. PTZ and mCPP were compared for behavioral effects in elevated plus-maze and interoceptive discriminative stimuli they produce. 2. ⋯ In the elevated plus maze, time spent on the open arms was reduced by mCPP, DOI and PTZ but there was no significant dose effect of TFMPP, or 1-NP. 6. Methysergide blocked the "anxiety-like" behavior in the EPM. 7. These data suggest that the discriminative stimuli produced by mCPP are based upon its selective actions on 5HT receptors and their use in behavioral pharmacology may offer another tool in studying pharmacology of 5HT based anxiogenic and anxiolytic drugs.
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Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of gabapentin (Neurontin) [corrected] on mood and well-being in patients with epilepsy.
1. Global improvement data from five double-blind clinical trials of gabapentin as add-on therapy in patients with epilepsy were reviewed to assess the effects of gabapentin on mood. 2. One hundred and ninety-four (46%) of 423 gabapentin-treated patients reported improvements in general well-being as compared with 79 (29%) of the 271 placebo-treated patients. 3. Findings support anecdotal reports of improved affective status among patients taking gabapentin and suggest that the study of gabapentin in psychiatric populations may be warranted.
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Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry · Jul 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAn evaluation of the anxiolytic SC 48,274 in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
1. The present study evaluated the safety and efficacy of two dosages of SC 48,274 (1mg and 25mg) as compared to placebo in subjects with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). 2. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study which was part of one of three large multicenter trials which evaluated a total of 5 doses of SC 48,274 (.25, 1, 5, 25, and 100mg bid). ⋯ Neither group showed significant CGI improvement scores by end of treatment. 7. The most frequent adverse events associated with the study drug (n = 37) were headache (n = 7), nausea (n = 3), palpitations (n = 4) and chest pains (n = 2). There was, however, no apparent pattern of adverse events distinguishing SC 48,274 from placebo.
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Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry · Sep 1992
Neuroendocrine markers of serotonin responsivity in depression.
1. Studies of the biochemical mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs show that virtually all drugs, regardless of acute biochemical effects, result in the down regulation of CNS beta-1 adrenergic, serotonin-2 (5HT2), and perhaps 5HT1A receptors in rats in a time course which parallels the onset of antidepressant action in patients with major depressive disorder. 2. ⋯ Depressed subjects treated with antidepressants down regulate these markers of both 5HT2 and 5HT1A receptors in a time course consistent with their recovery from depression. 4. Studies in progress are attempting to demonstrate links between these receptor changes and clinical antidepressant responses.
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Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry · Jul 1992
ReviewThe treatment and management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
1. The neuroleptic malignant syndrome was initially described as a disorder specifically related to neuroleptic usage with frequent fatal outcome. The observations of variant or mild cases of this syndrome as well as case reports on neuroleptic-malignant-like syndromes in the absence of neuroleptics raises the issue of the usefulness of this terminology and highlights the potential for inappropriate management of this "malignant" syndrome. ⋯ Anticholinergic agents should be continued for 7 days after neuroleptics are stopped. If anticholinergic agents are unsuccessful after 2-3 dosages, dopamine agonists may be added, while simultaneously monitoring vital signs. It should be emphasized that severe EPS sometimes takes days to improve even after neuroleptic cessation and the addition of anticholinergics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)