Neurourology and urodynamics
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To review knowledge on cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in lower urinary tract function and dysfunction. ⋯ Evidence suggests components of the endocannabinoid system are involved in regulation of bladder function, possibly at several levels of the micturition pathway. It is unclear if either CB receptor has a dominant role in modification of sensory signals or if differences exist at peripheral and central nervous sites. Amplification of endocannabinoid activity by FAAH inhibitors may be an attractive drug target in specific pathways involved in LUTS.
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The purpose of this scoping review was to examine research activity comparing suprapubic catheterization to any other method of chronic bladder emptying such as intermittent and indwelling catheterization in adults in relation to complications, patient satisfaction, and health-related quality of life (QoL). ⋯ Most studies focused on clinical urologic issues rather than patient understanding of suprapubic catheter management, satisfaction, stoma and skin care, or health related QoL. Further studies are needed to elucidate efficacy from an individual user and clinician perspective.
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To assess the effectiveness of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) on adult patients with overactive bladder syndrome, using a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical controlled trials (CCTs), and prospective observational cohort studies. ⋯ PTNS is efficacious for frequency and urgency urinary incontinence. More high quality studies are needed to improve the level of evidence concerning the efficacy of PTNS with regard to urgency and nocturia, to specify patient selection criteria, optimal treatment modalities and long-term effects as well as the effectiveness in more pragmatic trials.
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Editorial Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation for overactive bladder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To evaluate the effectiveness of posterior percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) in treating overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms by systematic review of the literature. ⋯ There is evidence of significant improvement in OAB symptoms using PTNS which is comparable to the effect of antimuscarinics but with a better side effect profile. The studies included in the review only considered short-term outcomes after initial treatment. In order to recommend PTNS as a practical treatment option, long-term data and health economic analysis are needed.
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Review
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome/bladder pain syndrome: taking stock, looking ahead: ICI-RS 2011.
This review reflects the presentations and subsequent discussions at the International consultation on Incontinence Research Society's annual meeting. It updates the current definitions and diagnostic and treatment algorithms for bladder pain syndrome and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (non-bacterial prostatitis), highlights some specific basic research findings from discussion participants, looks at what we can hope to eventually learn from a large multicenter National Institutes of Health study, reviews future research pathways as articulated by the National Urologic Research Agenda of the American Urological Association and others, discusses recent therapeutic efforts, and concludes with discussion points from the ICI-RS meeting.