The American journal of emergency medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lidocaine gel as an anesthetic protocol for nasogastric tube insertion in the ED.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical 2% lidocaine gel in reducing pain and discomfort associated with nasogastric tube insertion (NGTI) and compare lidocaine to ordinary lubricant gel in the ease in carrying out the procedure. ⋯ Lidocaine gel administered nasally 5 minutes before NGTI significantly reduces pain and gagging sensations associated with the procedure but is associated with more difficult tube insertion compared to the use of lubricant gel.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intraosseous line placement for antidote injection by first responders and receivers wearing personal protective equipment.
Early antidotal therapy may be lifesaving in hazardous materials victims. Intravenous line placement is difficult while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). We assessed the ability of protected, experienced first responders and limited-experience first receivers to place intraosseous (IO) lines for antidote administration. ⋯ Hazardous materials first responders and receivers can effectively place IO lines in a goat while wearing PPE. Intraosseous lines may facilitate earlier administration of antidotes in hazardous materials victims.