The American journal of emergency medicine
-
Observational Study
Association between prehospital airway type and oxygenation and ventilation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
This study aimed to evaluate the association between prehospital airway type and oxygenation and ventilation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). ⋯ ETI was significantly associated with good oxygenation and good ventilation compared to BVM in patients with OHCA, particularly during longer transports. This should be taken into consideration when deciding the prehospital advanced airway management in patients with OHCA.
-
Nitroglycerin (NTG) is commonly used for the management of pulmonary edema in acute heart failure presentations. Although commonly initiated at low infusion rates, higher infusion rates have favorable pharmacodynamic properties and may improve outcomes in the management of acute pulmonary edema. ⋯ Higher initial NTG doses may be an effective way to decrease times to achieve blood pressure targets and should be the focus of future trials.
-
Mesenteric ischemia is a rare, frequently misdiagnosed, serious condition that carries with it a high rate of morbidity and mortality. ⋯ An understanding of mesenteric ischemia can assist emergency clinicians in diagnosing and managing this disease.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Association between rate of change in PaCO2 and functional outcome for patients with hypercapnia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
Normocapnia is suggested for post resuscitation care. For patients with hypercapnia after cardiac arrest, the relationship between rate of change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and functional outcome was unknown. ⋯ For OHCA patients with hypercapnia on admission, the rate of change in PaCO2 was not independently associated with functional outcome; however, there was a significant trend that higher decreased rate was associated with increased hospital mortality.
-
Tourniquets have been modified and used for centuries to occlude blood flow to control hemorrhage. More recently, the occlusion of peripheral vessels has been linked to resultant increases in blood pressure, which may provide additional therapeutic potential, particularly during states of low cardiac output. ⋯ The elevations in systolic and diastolic blood pressures establish a dependent relationship between tourniquet application to the lower extremities and blood pressure elevation. These results may support new indications for tourniquet-use or extremity vessel occlusion in settings of hemodynamic instability.