Journal of pain and symptom management
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2010
Review Meta AnalysisReducing the pain of nasogastric tube intubation with nebulized and atomized lidocaine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nasogastric tube (NGT) intubations occur frequently in clinical practice and can be a painful procedure for patients. A systematic review of current knowledge concerning the use of nebulized lidocaine to reduce the pain of NGT insertion was conducted in order to develop evidence-based guidelines. In addition, a meta-analysis of appropriate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. ⋯ The pooled effect size was 0.423 (95% confidence interval: 0.204-0.880; Z=-2.301; P=0.021), indicating that the use of nebulized lidocaine before NGT insertion can decrease pain by 57.7%. There is insufficient evidence to recommend the dosage, concentration, or delivery method. Further research is needed to articulate a comprehensive clinical guideline.