Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Fentanyl is more effective than remifentanil at preventing increases in cerebral blood flow velocity during intubation in children.
Controlling the cerebral and systemic hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation may play a role in determining clinical outcome in pediatric neurosurgical patients. This study compared the effects of remifentanil and fentanyl on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and hemodynamic profile during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in children under sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ This study suggests that fentanyl was more effective than remifentanil at preventing increases in CBFV during and immediately following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in children undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia. Fentanyl also seemed to provide a more stable hemodynamic profile prior to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation when compared to remifentanil.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Dolasetron, but not metoclopramide prevents nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most frequent complications of general anesthesia. The aim of the study was to compare the antiemetic efficacy of dolasetron and metoclopramide after inhalational or i.v. anesthesia (IVA). ⋯ The results of our study suggest that dolasetron was more effective than MCP and placebo in preventing PONV. This action is independent of the anesthetic technique used.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
In children, nitrous oxide decreases pain on injection of propofol mixed with lidocaine.
To investigate if 50% nitrous oxide reduces the pain during injection of propofol mixed with lidocaine in children. ⋯ Nitrous oxide reduces pain during induction with propofol mixed with lidocaine in healthy children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
An admixture of 3 mg x kg(-1) of propofol and 3 mg x kg(-1) of thiopentone reduces pain on injection in pediatric anesthesia.
To evaluate the incidence of pain on injection in children during anesthetic induction with a 3:1.2 volume admixture of 1% propofol and 2.5% thiopentone (P/T) compared to a 10:1 volume admixture of 1% propofol and 2% lidocaine (P/L). ⋯ The P/T admixture is a practical and efficacious alternative to P/L for reducing pain on induction in children. Further work to evaluate the optimum proportions and possible adverse effects of this admixture should be done.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Oxygen in air (FiO2 0.4) improves gas exchange in young healthy patients during general anesthesia.
One hundred percent O(2) is used routinely for preoxygenation and induction of anesthesia. The higher the O(2) concentration the faster is the development of atelectasis, an important cause of impaired pulmonary gas exchange during general anesthesia (GA). We evaluated the effect of ventilation with 0.4 FiO(2) in air, 0.4 FiO(2) in N(2)O and 100% O(2) following intubation on the development of impaired gas exchange. ⋯ Ventilation of lungs with O(2) in air (FiO(2) 0.4) improves gas exchange in young healthy patients during GA.