American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pasos Hacia La Salud II: a superiority RCT utilizing technology to promote physical activity in Latinas.
Latinas face an increased risk for chronic diseases associated with insufficient physical activity (PA). The researchers previously showed that a website-based intervention could increase PA among insufficiently active Latinas, yet rates of meeting national PA guidelines were low. The original intervention was enhanced by adding additional features, content, and points of contact, including via text messaging. This study tests the efficacy of the enhanced intervention compared with the original, aimed at maximizing and sustaining PA gains across 24 months. It also examines if increases in PA differed by baseline PA. ⋯ This study demonstrates the potential to enhance the efficacy of website-based PA interventions by utilizing text messaging, and adding more interactive features, content, and phone support. These enhancements may be particularly beneficial in supporting long-term PA maintenance.
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This study provides national estimates of parental perceived child sexual orientation or gender minority (SGM) discrimination and examines associations between SGM discrimination and chronic pain in children. ⋯ Based on parent report, about 0.6 million children in the U.S. have experienced SGM-based discrimination; these children are twice as likely to have chronic pain. Findings highlight the importance of assessment and intervention for chronic pain in children who may experience marginalization and discrimination due to their sexual orientation and gender identity.
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On January 1, 2017, Philadelphia implemented a beverage excise tax. The study's objective was to determine whether beverage advertising expenditures and the number of beverage ads purchased changed in Philadelphia compared to Baltimore because of this tax. ⋯ This study found little evidence of changes in mass media advertising on the examined platforms between 2016 and 2019 due to the Philadelphia beverage tax.
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Alcohol use is involved in a large proportion of homicides and suicides each year in the U.S., but there is limited evidence on how policies targeting alcohol influence violence in the U.S. ⋯ Increases in the restrictiveness of state-level alcohol policies are associated with reductions in homicides. More restrictive alcohol policy environments may offer an opportunity to reduce homicides.
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This study compared the long-term harmful consequences of individual adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among U.S. adults. ⋯ This study highlight that certain ACEs play a greater role than others for HRQOL with certain ACEs having a greater relative importance according to sex. Additionally, a significant proportion of the long-term impacts of ACE to HRQOL was indirectly through the mediation effect of other explanatory variables.