Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
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J. Clin. Lab. Anal. · Jan 2007
Chemiluminescent determination of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase: an advantageous alternative to the cytochemical assay.
The determination of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) is used as an aid to diagnose many diseases in the laboratory. For example, it can be used to distinguish chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) from other myeloproliferative disorders (particularly myelofibrosis and polycythemia) and leukemoid reactions (LR). Traditionally, this test is performed with the use of subjective cytochemical assays that assign a score to the level of LAP. ⋯ A high linear correlation was found between the chemiluminescent result (slope) and the cytochemical score. The slope for healthy individuals ranged between 0.61 and 8.49 (10(-5) mV.s/cell), with a median of 2.04 (10(-5) mV.s/cell). These results were statistically different from those of CML patients (range=0.07-1.75, median=0.79) and LR patients (range= 3.84-47.24, median=9.58; P<0.05).
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J. Clin. Lab. Anal. · Jan 2007
Comparative StudyDiagnostic value of Elecsys S100 as a marker of acute brain injury in the emergency department.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the screening and diagnostic validity of the initial serum S100 levels by Elecsys S100 immunoassay in an emergency department. We measured serum S100 in 101 acute brain injury (ABI) patients, in 40 healthy subjects, and in 41 chronic brain injury (CBI) patients (the control group). The ABI patients were divided in several groups according to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), injury type and findings of brain imaging. ⋯ At a cutoff of 0.105 microg/L, the sensitivity was 84.8% and the specificity 74.3% for all of the ABI patients, and the sensitivity was increased to 96.9% for the traumatic ABI patients for detecting image-positive ABI. There was no significant difference of S100 levels among the groups on the CCT or MRI pathological findings (P=0.478). In conclusion, serum S100 levels can be used in the emergency department as an additional screening tool to identify CCT- or MRI-positive ABI.