Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Plasma total homocysteine in Mexican rural and urban women fed typical model diets.
The purpose of the present work was to determine the fasting plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels and the time-course response of tHcy concentrations after the consumption of urban and rural Mexican model diets in two groups of Mexican women from urban and rural areas. ⋯ Plasma tHcy concentrations in rural and urban Mexican women were within the range considered adequate; however, urban women showed significant higher concentrations than did rural women independently of the consumed diet and the plasma methionine concentration. These results indicated that there is no short-term variation in plasma tHcy due to the consumption of rural or urban diets.
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The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on the fat-metabolizing enzymes pancreatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and hormone-sensitive lipase in vitro and evaluate its potential application as a treatment for obesity. ⋯ The GSE rich in compounds that inhibit lipases may provide a safe, natural, and cost-effective weight control treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Decreased oxidative stress in patients with ulcerative colitis supplemented with fish oil omega-3 fatty acids.
The potential pathogenicity of free radicals may have a pivotal role in ulcerative colitis. Fish oil omega-3 fatty acids exert anti-inflammatory effects on patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but the precise mechanism of the action of fish oil on oxidative stress is still controversial. The aim of the present work was to verify the blood oxidative stress in patients with UC and determine whether the association of sulfasalazine to fish oil omega-3 fatty acids is more effective than isolated use of sulfasalazine to reduce the oxidative stress. ⋯ The results indicated that plasma oxidative stress occurs in patients with UC, and there was a significant decrease when the patients used sulfasalazine plus fish oil omega-3 fatty acids. However, there was no improvement in most laboratory indicators, sigmoidoscopy, and histology scores. The results suggested that omega-3 fatty acids may act as free radical scavengers protecting the patients against the overall effect of oxidative stress.
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We determined the nutrition status and prevalence of malnutrition as determined by the Subjective Global Assessment in Latin America, investigated the awareness of the health team with regard to nutrition status, evaluated the use of nutritional therapy, and assessed the governmental policies regulating the practice of nutritional therapy in each country. ⋯ Hospital malnutrition in Latin America is highly prevalent. Despite this prevalence, physicians' awareness of malnutrition is weak, nutritional therapy is not used routinely, and governmental policies for nutritional therapy are scarce.