Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of barley intake on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and bowel function in women.
The low consumption of grains that are rich sources of dietary fiber may be associated with the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. This study was conducted to observe the effects of high barley (high-fiber diet) intake on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and bowel function in healthy women. ⋯ This study demonstrated that barley intake has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and bowel function and suggests that the intake of a high-fiber food, i.e., barley, should be recommended to prevent chronic diseases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prospective randomized trial to assess caloric and protein needs of critically Ill, anuric, ventilated patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy.
We measured the energy and protein needs in 50 sequential, critically ill, ventilated patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for renal failure by using indirect calorimetry and three sequential isocaloric protein-feeding regimes of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g. kg(-1). d(-1). We also assessed the compliance of actual feeding with target feeding and correlated the predictive energy requirements of the formulae with the actual energy expenditure (EE) measured by indirect calorimetry. We also determined whether these feeding regimes affected patient outcome. ⋯ This study found that a metabolic cart can improve the accuracy of energy provision and that a protein intake of 2.5 g. kg(-1). d(-1) in these patients increases the likelihood of achieving a positive nitrogen balance and improving survival. Enteral feeding is preferable, but if this is not possible or does not achieve the target, then it should be supplemented by parenteral feeding.