Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Association of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) intake and dietary intervention and effects on oxidative stress biomarkers of dyslipidemic subjects.
To evaluate the effect of long-term ingestion of mate tea, with or without dietary intervention, on the markers of oxidative stress in dyslipidemic individuals. ⋯ The ingestion of mate tea independently of the dietary intervention increased plasma and blood antioxidant protection in patients with dyslipidemia.
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To estimate the prevalence of anemia and analyze the factors associated with anemia in elderly residents of long-term care institutions. ⋯ There is a high prevalence of anemia in the institutionalized elderly and hypoalbuminemia is a factor associated with this outcome. Interventions are necessary to promote improvements in the health and welfare of this population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of yeast-derived 1,3/1,6 glucopolysaccharide on circulating cytokines and chemokines with respect to upper respiratory tract infections.
Wellmune WGP is a food supplement containing a refined 1,3/1,6 glucopolysaccharide that improves the antimicrobial activity of the innate immune cells by the priming of lectin sites. This study aimed to investigate whether Wellmune decreases the frequency and severity of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms over 90 d during the peak URTI season in healthy university students. The secondary aims included an assessment of plasma cytokine and chemokine levels. ⋯ Wellmune may decrease the duration and severity of URTI. Larger studies are needed to demonstrate this.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High-carbohydrate/low-protein-induced hyperinsulinemia does not improve protein balance in children after cardiac surgery.
In pediatric cardiac surgery, fluid-restricted low-protein (LoProt) diets account for cumulative protein deficits with increased morbidity. In this setting, we aimed to inhibit proteolysis by a high-carbohydrate (HiCarb)-intake-induced hyperinsulinemia and improve protein balance. ⋯ In children with fluid restriction after cardiac surgery, a HiCarb/LoProt diet compared with a NormCarb/LoProt diet stimulates insulin secretion but does not inhibit proteolysis further and therefore cannot be advocated for this purpose.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Postprandial substrate use in overweight subjects with the metabolic syndrome after isomaltulose (Palatinose™) ingestion.
Dietary interventions with a low glycemic index have shown to be successful for the prevention and therapy of the metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we investigated the postprandial metabolic response at rest and during physical activity the low glycemic carbohydrate isomaltulose (Palatinose™) intake compared with a conventional carbohydrate (glucose syrup/sucrose [glc/suc]) with a higher glycemic index. ⋯ In obese subjects with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome, the partial substitution of carbohydrates with a higher glycemic index in foods and drinks by Palatinose™ resulted in greater postprandial fat oxidation at rest and during physical activity. It is hypothesized that this increased fat oxidation may confer further benefits for long-term weight management and for an improvement in metabolic risk factors.