Nutrition
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Anxiety is the most prevalent type of mental disorder and a significant health concern. Cross-sectional studies have detected a positive association between obesity and anxiety. What is less clear is whether weight loss can reduce anxiety. ⋯ Mean weight loss ranged from 0.7 to 18.6 kg (SD 4.5) and in three of the studies, anxiety fell by 9.2% to 11.4% and did not change in four studies. When macronutrient content was considered, only one of four interventional studies and one pilot study reported a beneficial effect of a moderate-fat diet on anxiety. There appears to be no strong evidence to indicate that diet-induced weight loss has a beneficial effect on anxiety, however, none of the diet-induced weight loss studies assessed had a detrimental effect on anxiety.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of buttermilk consumption on blood pressure in moderately hypercholesterolemic men and women.
Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) found in buttermilk is rich in unique bioactive proteins. Several studies suggest that MFGM proteins possess biological activities such as cholesterol-lowering, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer properties, but data in humans are lacking. Furthermore, to our knowledge, no study has yet investigated the antihypertensive potential of MFGM proteins from buttermilk. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of buttermilk consumption on blood pressure and on markers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAS) system in humans. ⋯ Short-term buttermilk consumption reduces blood pressure in normotensive individuals.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and abdominal fat accumulation in obese adults.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yeast hydrolysate on the abdominal fat in obese humans. ⋯ Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and the accumulation of abdominal fat without an adverse effect on lean body mass in obese adults, regardless of sex, via the reduction of energy intake.
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The aim of this study was to determine the best dietary diversity indicator to measure dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy in children. ⋯ Overall results seem to indicate that any of the four G indicators can be used in dietary assessment studies on children, with G13 and G21 being marginally better. A cut-off DDS of 4 and 5, respectively, appear best.