Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Serum 25(OH)D response to vitamin D3 supplementation: a meta-regression analysis.
The aim of this study was to review factors that influence serum 25(OH)D when patients are given vitamin D supplements. ⋯ This meta regression indicates that a higher increase in serum levels of 25(OH)D in adults is found with a dose of ≥800 IU/d, after at least 6 to 12 mo, and even when baseline 25(OH)D is low and in adults >80 y.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: a randomized controlled trial.
The cholesterol-lowering effects of garlic as part of a healthy diet remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. ⋯ ABG supplementation reduced atherogenic markers and thus may have a cardioprotective effect beyond the gold standard medication in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of selenium supplementation on HIV-1 RNA detection in breast milk of Tanzanian women.
Selenium supplementation for women infected with HIV may increase genital shedding of HIV-1, however, to our knowledge, no studies have examined the effect on viral shedding in breast milk. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on HIV-1 RNA detection in breast milk of HIV-infected women. ⋯ Selenium supplementation appears to increase HIV-1 RNA detection in breast milk among primiparous women not receiving HAART. Safety studies among pregnant women on HAART need to be conducted before administering selenium-containing supplements.
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The antioxidant vitamin E has been extensively employed to treat chronic liver diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of vitamin E supplementation in lowering alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). ⋯ To summarize, the evidence currently available supported the theory that vitamin E supplementation can optimize aminotransferase levels for patients with NAFLD, NASH, and CHC, and more well-designed, large-scale clinical trials are encouraged to examine the therapeutic effect of vitamin E for these disorders.
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Comparative Study
Renal function in patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition and in intestinal transplant recipients.
A decrease of renal function was described in patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for benign intestinal failure. The risk for chronic renal failure (CRF) due to frequent episodes of dehydration despite optimal HPN, is an indication for intestinal transplantation (ITx). ITx is the solid organ transplant at highest risk for developing CRF. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and the probability of CRF occurring in adults on HPN and after ITx. ⋯ The decrease of renal function and the risk for developing CRF are greater after ITx than during HPN. The risk for CRF on HPN, as a criterion for ITx, should be revised.