Nutrition
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Our objective was to investigate the association between herbal/botanic supplement use and perceived quality of life (QoL), cancer recurrence, and all-cause mortality in colon cancer patients. ⋯ In this study, patients with stage II colon cancer using herbal/botanic supplements had no significant improvement in their QoL and no difference in odds of colon cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality over 2 y after diagnosis compared with those who did not use herbs/botanicals. Further studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to focus on types of herbal/botanic supplements.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Aggressive fluid and sodium restriction in decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Results from a randomized clinical trial.
Sodium and fluid restriction is commonly prescribed for heart failure patients. However, its role in the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a diet with sodium and fluid restriction with an unrestricted diet in patients admitted for decompensated HFpEF. ⋯ Aggressive sodium and fluid restriction does not provide symptomatic or prognosis benefits, but does produce greater perception of thirst, may impair the patient's food intake, and does not seem to have an important neurohormonal effect in patients admitted for decompensated HFpEF.
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Current evidence on the association between dietary fiber intake and the risk of depressive symptoms is inconsistent. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to explore their association. ⋯ Our study suggested that intakes of total fiber, vegetable fiber, and fruit fiber were inversely associated with depressive symptoms. Further larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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The effect of skeletal muscle fat deposition on the prognosis of patients with chronic liver disease remains unclear. Skeletal muscle fat deposition can be estimated by attenuation of skeletal muscle in Hounsfield units (HU) on computed tomography (CT). The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the association between skeletal muscle fat deposition assessed by skeletal muscle attenuation (SMA), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ Patients with cirrhosis and skeletal muscle fat deposition assessed by SMA had a higher risk for developing HCC.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of nut consumption on inflammatory markers. However, the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis of RCTs was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers. ⋯ Nut consumption significantly reduced ICAM-1 levels, but had no effect on other inflammatory markers. More studies are needed to assess the effects of nuts on inflammation.