Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of measurements of body composition made using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans at the L3 vertebral level, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). ⋯ Although a systematic error underestimating FFM was demonstrated with BIA, it may be a useful modality to quantify body composition in the clinical situation.
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Patients with mitochondrial disorders (MD) frequently present with gastrointestinal complaints, mainly gastrointestinal dysmotility, that interfere with their food intake. A deterioration of their nutritional state may worsen the course of the disease. Our study aimed to evaluate a simple screening tool to identify nutritional risk and perform an extended nutritional assessment to explore the potential presence of deficiencies in this population compared with controls. ⋯ According to the current definition by the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), all patients fulfilled the criteria for malnutrition. Thus, the usual nutritional screening tool is less sensitive for chronically ill outpatients. These results provide a rationale to increase protein intake and adapt patients' energy stores to improve symptoms and QoL.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Parboiled rice metabolism differs in healthy and diabetic individuals with similar improvement in glycemic response.
White rice is a popular staple food; however, its high glycemic effect makes it an unfavorable choice for people with type 2 diabetes. ⋯ We conclude that PBR is a better alternative to WR or BR for diabetic individuals to control postprandial hyperglycemia.
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The aim of this study was to examine the association between early feeding practices and consumption of ultraprocessed foods in children at age 6 y. ⋯ This study supports the need to promote healthy early feeding practices including the support of breastfeeding to promote healthier eating habits later in childhood.
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Malnutrition is common in patients with geriatric gastrointestinal system (GIS) cancer. This study aimed to evaluate patients with geriatric GIS cancer in terms of nutritional status and weakness and determine the changes caused by chemotherapy (CT). ⋯ Malnutrition and weakness were common in patients with geriatric GIS cancer, and even one course of CT worsened the nutritional status of the patients. Patients who have received CT previously should be carefully monitored for weakness.