Nutrition
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A body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) were reported to predict diabetes and hypertension in general population, but their validity was regularly questioned. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ABSI and BRI are the best anthropometric indices to reflect metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), and inflammatory factors in obese and overweight Chinese adults. ⋯ Only BRI and WC, not ABSI, can significantly determine the presence of MetS and IR. BRI showed the optimal capability to identify IR in obese and overweight population.
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MyFitnessPal is the most popular commercial nutrition weight loss app. The aim of this study was to assess how individuals in naturalistic settings performed when recording their dietary intake in MyFitnessPal, and their usability experiences with the app. ⋯ Large discrepancies in nutrient measurements from MyFitnessPal indicate suboptimal performance with using the app to record intake, particularly given food omissions in records and difficulties encountered with app usability relating to the food database and input of portion sizes. Stand-alone use of MyFitnessPal is therefore cautioned and guidance from dietitians is necessary to support use of nutrition apps in collecting accurate dietary data.
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Scholastic achievement (SA) is a multifactorial problem that depends on factors related to the child, the child's family, and the educational system. The aim of this study was to quantify the relative impact of significant variables at the beginning of high school during 2010 (first grade of high school [1 HSG]) on 2013 university selection test (Prueba de Seleccion Universitaria [PSU]) outcomes, both in language scholastic achievement (LSA) and mathematics scholastic achievement (MSA), when students graduated from high school (4 HSG). This was done at the time of university admission with a multicausal approach. The purpose was to confirm the hypothesis that the level of educational establishment SA, intellectual ability, sex, parental schooling levels, and head circumference for age Z-score at the onset of high school are the most relevant parameters associated with 2013 PSU outcomes, both in LSA and MSA. ⋯ These findings confirm the hypothesis and can be useful to support nutritional, health, and educational planning.
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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes with skeletal muscle mass and function in elderly subjects in northern China. ⋯ 25(OH)D levels are associated with handgrip strength for men and this relationship could be modified with the interaction between 25(OH)D and VDR gene polymorphisms (Fok1 and Bsm1).
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Observational Study
Nutrition support team activities can improve enteral nutrition administration in intensive care units.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the nutritional support team (NST) activities on the quality of enteral nutrition administration in intensive care units. ⋯ The NST has the potential to positively influence enteral nutrition management in intensive care units and investments could be directed to the areas of continuing education, protocols, and quality control to maximize the effect of NST in intensive care units.