Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact of the preoperative use of synbiotics in colorectal cancer patients: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Gastrointestinal microflora is involved in the development and regulation of the immune response. Non-pathogenic bacteria are important to prevent the development and subsequent invasion of enteropathogenic bacteria. Surgical trauma and intestinal preparation can disrupt the intestinal microbiota balance. Modulating the microbiota in the preoperative period in patients with colorectal cancer may have an effect on the occurrence of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of preoperative synbiotic administration in patients with colorectal cancer subjected to colorectal resection. ⋯ The use of synbiotics for 7 d preoperatively in patients with colorectal cancer attenuates the inflammatory state and is associated with reductions in morbidity, hospital length of stay, and use of antibiotics.
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Globally, although progress in eliminating iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) has been reported, IDD is still considered to be a global health problem. As school-aged children are the most accessible population group, their urinary iodine (UI) concentration data are accepted and used as an indicator of IDD for the general population. The aim of this study was to reassess the national, regional, and provincial estimates of UI as a measure of IDD among Filipino school-aged children. ⋯ Although the median UI level of school-age children was optimal, there are pockets of inadequacy and excessive intake that need special concern for targeted intervention.
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Multicenter Study
Effects of nutrition factors on mortality and sepsis occurrence in a multicenter university-based surgical intensive care unit in Thailand (THAI-SICU study).
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of nutrition factors on a 28-d mortality outcome and sepsis occurrence in surgical intensive care unit. ⋯ Nutrition factors affecting the mortality or sepsis occurrence in this study were BMI, enteral feeding or combination with parenteral nutrition, severe weight loss, preadmission albumin ≤2.5, and at risk according to NRS-2002.
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Previously, we demonstrated that the administration of heat-killed OLL2712 cells suppressed chronic inflammation and improved hyperglycemia in a mouse model of obesity and diabetes. The aim of this study was to preliminarily examine the effect of OLL2712 supplementation on glucose metabolism and chronic inflammation in prediabetic subjects. ⋯ The results of this study suggested that heat-killed OLL2712 cells have the potential to improve insulin resistance and glucose metabolism by suppressing chronic inflammation.
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The negative effects of malnutrition on the prognosis of hospitalized patients are well documented; however, less known is the awareness and knowledge of health care professionals about this complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend of the requests for nutritional consultation in years and the prescription of artificial nutrition (AN), for adult patients at a university hospital in southern Italy in the years 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016 to assess the progress of medical teams concerning awareness of hospital malnutrition. ⋯ The request of AN for hospitalized patients increased over time, probably owing to improved medical consciousness of the potential risks for malnutrition and the availability of a specialized clinical nutrition team.