Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the ADIPOQ gene locus rs1501299 on metabolic parameters after 9 mo of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet.
Some adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been related to basal and adiponectin levels and metabolic parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the genetic variant rs1501299 ADIPOQ gene on biochemical changes after weight loss secondary to a high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet versus a standard severe hypocaloric diet over 9 mo as the primary endpoint. ⋯ After two different hypocaloric diets during 9 mo of intervention, the GG genotype of an ADIPOQ gene variant (rs1501299) is related to better improvement in adiponectin levels, insulin resistance, and lipid profile than T-allele carriers.
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Observational Study
Adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern status and associated factors among Portuguese older adults: Results from the Nutrition UP 65 cross-sectional study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and its associated factors in older Portuguese adults. ⋯ Of the sample, 57% did not adhere to the Mediterranean diet. Potentially modifiable factors associated with lower adherence to the MDP were lower educational and health status.
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Malnutrition occurs as a complication of hemodialysis (HD) and has been identified as a risk factor for osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and low physical performance. The aim of this study was to assess the associations among nutrition, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and handgrip strength (HGS) in patients receiving HD. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that good nutrition, indicated as high GNRI, resulted in higher BMD and T-score, lean mass index, and HGS in patients receiving HD. Using GNRI to evaluate nutritional status and using DXA to investigate BMD and body composition in patients receiving HD is important to bone health and physical performance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Organic beet leaves and stalk juice attenuates HDL-C reduction induced by high-fat meal in dyslipidemic patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
Beet leaves and stalks are rich in polyphenols; however, their effect on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in humans, to our knowledge, has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of beet leaves and stalk juice, containing different concentrations of polyphenols, on lipemia, glycemic control, nitric oxide concentration, and blood pressure in patients with dyslipidemia after a high-fat meal. ⋯ The beet leaves and stalk juice attenuated the reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol induced by a high-fat meal.
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Although glutamine and alanine have properties that could delay fatigue, recent evidence showed that these amino acids impaired central fatigue markers. Nevertheless, the effect of this intervention on muscle fatigue is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of glutamine and alanine supplementation on muscle fatigue parameters in rats submitted to resistance training (RT). ⋯ Glutamine and alanine supplementation improved muscle fatigue markers without affecting exercise performance.