Nutrition
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Diets may alter an individual's metabolism and inflammation, collectively leading to the modulation of cardiovascular health and disease process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets and diet-associated metabolites on metabolic profiles, inflammatory status, and severity of atherosclerosis. ⋯ Independent of the pattern of strict vegetarian foods, individuals who consumed more vegetables, fresh fruit, and water showed better cardiovascular health as evidenced by their metabolic and inflammatory status and CIMT results.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between glycemic control (hemoglobin (Hb) A1c <7%) and the dietary patterns identified in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ Consuming a healthy diet was associated with glycemic control; whereas the Western-style or sweets and dairy patterns promoted a lack of metabolic control. These results support the promotion of a healthy pattern in the Mexican population with T2DM.
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The aim of this study was to explore the effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on intestinal function of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets. ⋯ Dietary HMB supplementation could improve intestinal integrity, function, microbiota communities, and short-chain fatty acid concentrations in LPS-challenged piglets, suggesting its potential usage as a feed additive in weaned piglets to alleviate intestinal dysfunction triggered by immune stress.
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High-risk patients ≥65 y of age with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) tended to have lower serum prealbumin concentrations. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of prealbumin at baseline on COVID-19-related mortality in elderly patients (≥65 y of age). ⋯ Prealbumin is an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality for elderly patients with COVID-19. Assessment of prealbumin may help identify high-risk individuals ≥65 y of age with COVID-19.
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The use of probiotics to reduce mortality of sepsis was supported by a series of clinical research subjects. However, the exact mechanisms underlying protective effects of probiotic in sepsis has not been elucidated clearly. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) prophylaxis on the host co-microbiota and metabolism in mice with sepsis-induced colon microbiota dysbiosis. ⋯ Probiotic LGG may has a positive effect on reducing mortality of sepsis through rebalancing the metabolic profiles and gut microbiota.