Nutrition
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Infection is the most critical cause of early death after liver transplantation (LT). However, the effect of preoperative body composition on bacteremia after LT is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of preoperative body composition on bacteremia after living donor LT (LDLT). ⋯ Preoperative abnormal body composition was closely related to bacteremia after LDLT.
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Providing adequate nutritional support for hospitalized patients continues to be a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of energy and protein provision with in-hospital mortality in non-critically ill patients. ⋯ Hypoproteic nutrition appears to be more significant than hypocaloric nutrition in predicting all-cause in-hospital mortality. Protocols should be implemented to ensure that target caloric and protein levels are reached as quickly as possible to optimize patient survival.
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Multicenter Study
Influence of chemoradiotherapy on nutritional status in locally advanced rectal cancer: Prospective multicenter study.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on nutritional status and the association between changes in nutritional status and clinical outcomes (treatment completion, adverse events, perioperative complications, and relapse-free survival [RFS]) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). ⋯ These findings suggest that malnutrition and changes in nutritional status are not only commonly observed after CRT, but also associated with treatment completion and adverse events.
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Clinically accessible body composition assessment is required to identify fat-free mass (FFM) depletion, which is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and poorly correlated with body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to compare FFM assessed using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in adult outpatients with IBD. ⋯ Unadjusted BIS overestimated FFM in IBD outpatients compared with DXA with poor agreement at an individual level. Adjusting for BMI ameliorated the overestimation. It is suggested for the estimation of FFM in outpatients with IBD that MFBIA or the Moissl algorithm with BIS be used if DXA is unavailable.
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Recommended perioperative nutritional interventions may contribute to satisfactory surgical outcomes. Each moment in the course of a surgical pathologic condition may be a window of opportunity for an intervention with a positive impact on postoperative recovery. Based on the idea of accelerating postoperative recovery, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention with preoperative fasting abbreviation (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery recommendations) on the metabolism of patients undergoing gynecologic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Preoperative fasting abbreviation with liquid containing carbohydrate and protein before gynecologic surgeries may provide metabolic stability with lower variation in insulin resistance than inert solution.