Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to determine the association between prepregnancy body mass, gestational weight gain, and inadequate breastfeeding (BF) with overweight in Chilean children ages 3 to 4 y. ⋯ Children showing risk factors such as non-exclusive BF, prepregnancy NS with overweight, and excess gestational weight gain faced between 2 and 2.4 times more risk for overweight than children without these factors.
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This study aimed to develop predictive anthropometric models for total and truncal body fat in Chilean children using the following anthropometric measurements: weight, height, skinfold thickness, and circumference. ⋯ In Chilean children, the high correlation between observed and predicted values enabled us to develop predictive equations for total and truncal body fat for children.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of intermittent fasting and energy-restricted diets on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and energy-restricted diets (ERD) compared with control groups. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effects of controlled clinical trials examining the influence of IF and ERD on lipid profiles. ⋯ Relative to a non-diet control, IF and ERD are effective for the improvement of circulating TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations, but have no meaningful effects on HDL-C concentration. These effects are influenced by several factors that may inform clinical practice and future research. The present results suggest that these dietary practices are a means of enhancing the lipid profile in humans.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the overall diet quality of an Italian population through the use of the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) and its relation to clinical and biochemical nutritional markers. ⋯ MDSS has a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, particularly in the youngest age group and smokers. The index shows a correlation with some parameters of nutritional interest and further larger cohorts studies are needed to confirm our findings.