Nutrition
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We sought to investigate the cognition of preschoolers in rural China and examine the relationship between dietary diversity and cognition. ⋯ Consuming a more diverse diet may contribute to better cognition in preschoolers. Future research is needed to better understand the possible causal effect of dietary diversity on cognitive development.
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The objective of this study was to examine the influence of maternal nutrient intake during pregnancy on the baby's birth weight at term. ⋯ Our findings provide evidence that maternal intake of vitamins B3 and C influences increased birth weight. In addition, prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, parity, and male babies contribute to the same outcome.
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There are several isomers of carotene, the main ones being alpha and beta carotene (i.e., α-carotene and β-carotene). The latter serves as a precursor for vitamin A, and is thus a well-studied carotenoid in health, food, and nutrition research. ⋯ A search on PubMed, Elsevier's sciencedirect.com, and Springer Nature's SpringerLink platforms reveals that there are potentially dozens, if not hundreds of cases or more of this false-positive carotene "isomer," which was supposed to represent β-carotene, but has, through a typographic error, represented a "new" and non-existent form of carotene, ß-carotene. This clearly represents erroneous literature that needs correction.
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The aim of this study was to develop genetic scores based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to lipid metabolism and evaluate whether they used to estimate disturbances in the circulating lipid profile biomarkers of adolescents. ⋯ The calculated genetic scores could be used to estimate disturbances in circulating lipid profile biomarkers of adolescents and be applied in clinical practice to better target interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease risk throughout life.
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Malnutrition is a frequent comorbidity in people with cancer, associated with poor tolerance of anticancer treatments, prognosis, and quality of life. Despite the abundance of scientific literature supporting this evidence and the availability of international guidelines for managing nutritional care in people with cancer, attitudes about this issue still vary considerably among oncologists, to the point that many patients who are malnourished do not receive adequate nutritional support. ⋯ In 2019, the Italian Society of Oncological Surgery and the Technical Scientific Association of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics joined the working group. In this article, we present the updated initiatives and the perspectives of this intersociety project.