Nutrition
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This study investigated how specific nutrition interventions were implemented at four US hospitals, compared rates of malnutrition diagnosis and assessment between physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs), and examined how these differences affected the nutrition intervention received during patients' hospital stay. ⋯ The high level of agreement on assessment and malnutrition diagnosis suggests positive levels of malnutrition care coordination at the study hospitals. However, significant room for improvement exists in providing interventions to inpatients diagnosed with malnourishment. Differences in interventions may reflect dissimilar approaches commonly used by different practitioners and should be a topic of future study.
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Observational Study
Reference centile curves for mid-upper arm circumference for assessment of under- and overnutrition in school-aged Indian children and adolescents.
Malnutrition is common in developing countries and is not restricted to young children. It has been suggested that measuring mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is an easy, accurate, and low-cost method of identifying malnutrition in the early stages. The aims of this study were to construct age- and sex-specific MUAC reference centiles, and to define and validate cutoffs for assessment of under- and overnutrition in Indian children 5 to 17 y of age. ⋯ We presented MUAC percentiles and cutoffs for screening for thinness and overnutrition in Indian children from 5 to 17 y of age. These data may also be used in children with cancer and other chronic disorders with growth failure.
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This study aimed to investigate the performance of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria for malnutrition assessment in people with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy. ⋯ The GLIM criteria showed good performance in diagnosing and classifying malnutrition in people with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, and prognostic nutritional index could be appropriately used to implement the two-step approach to the GLIM criteria.
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A healthy diet is associated with reduced risk for premature death; however, data on the association between food expenditure and life expectancy are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the association of expenditure on food groups with life expectancy in men and women. ⋯ These findings may inform a nutritional measure against premature death and stagnation of increase in life expectancy.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in community-dwelling elderly people. ⋯ We suggest that older people should have a balanced daily diet such as a lacto-ovo-vegetarian dietary pattern to prevent the occurrence and progression of SO.