Nutrition
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Different muscle mass indices of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition in diagnosing malnutrition and predicting survival of patients with gastric cancer.
Malnutrition is common and related to negative prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), a novel consensus for the diagnosis of malnutrition, was proposed recently. However, the roles of GLIM in diagnosing malnutrition and predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with GC have been unclear. ⋯ Our findings support the effectiveness of GLIM in diagnosing malnutrition and predicting OS in patients with GC.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analysis of frequency and risk factors for complications of enteral nutrition in children in Poland after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement.
The aim of the study was to assess the complication rate and identify whether age, nutritional status, and history of respiratory aspiration prior to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) are risk factors for post-PEG placement complications in Polish children. In addition, the safety of two enteral feeding methods (3 h vs. 8 h) after PEG insertion in children was compared. ⋯ The early initiation of post-PEG feeding was not associated with an increase in the number of complications. Most complications after the PEG procedure were mild. Age, serum albumin level, white blood cells, body mass index standard deviation score, and a history of aspiration to the respiratory tract were not confirmed as a risk factor for post-PEG complications in children.
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Our primary objective was to explore the effect of a eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD) on mortality, admission to the intensive care unit, and need for non-invasive ventilation in hospitalized patients with COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19), in comparison to a eucaloric standard diet. Secondary objectives were verification of the safety and feasibility of the diet and its effects on inflammatory parameters, particularly interleukin-6. ⋯ These results show a possible therapeutic role of an EKD in the clinical management of COVID-19. Currently, a prospective controlled randomized trial is running to confirm these preliminary data.
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Preterm births are at higher risk for neurodevelopment (NDV) disabilities. To limit long-term consequences, guidelines recommend aggressive parenteral nutrition (PN) soon after birth. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of energy-enhanced PN in the first week of life on long-term NDV in preterm neonates. ⋯ A more aggressive PN strategy results in lower motor score and socioemotional competence performance at 24 mo of life. More caution might be advocated for an energy-enhanced PN protocol, particularly in neonates with lower birth weight, for long-term NDV in preterm neonates.
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The aim of this study was to understand the diet-related behaviors of Hainan centenarians and to analyze dietary factors that affect their nutritional status. ⋯ This was the first study on the dietary behaviors and nutritional status of centenarians using survey data. We highlighted the factors affecting nutritional status and provided scientific support for dietary strategies that may improve the nutritional status of the elderly population.