Nutrition
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This study aimed to examine the secular trends of dietary food groups and diet quality among adults, overall and by sex, education, and employment status. ⋯ Over a decade, in addition to improvements in intake of a number of dietary food groups, the estimated overall diet quality of the study population showed a modest improvement. These findings may determine areas for more attention to improve the overall dietary intake of the population.
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The aim of this study was to explore the association of vitamin D (VitD) levels during pregnancy and its metabolic pathway genes with the risk for preterm birth (PTB) among pregnant women in southeast China. ⋯ Women with VitD deficiency were associated with shorter gestational weeks. Single-nucleotide morphisms in VitD metabolic pathway genes were significantly associated with gestation week and the risk for PTB, mainly in vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and low-density lipoprotein-related protein 2 (LRP2)genes. Additionally, maternal VitD with GC gene and maternal VitD with vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene might exert interactions on the risk for PTB.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationships between dietary, nutritional, and inflammatory factors in predicting all-cause mortality among individuals in hemodialysis (HD) treatment. ⋯ More proinflammatory diet and systemic inflammation have a direct association with mortality among patients undergoing HD therapy. Additionally, more proinflammatory diet is associated with unhealthy dietary pattern.
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In cystic fibrosis (CF), 85% to 90% of patients develop exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Despite enzyme substitution, low pancreatic phospholipase A2 (sPLaseA2-IB) activity causes fecal loss of bile phosphatidylcholine and choline deficiency. We report on a female patient who has CF and progressive hepatosteatosis from 4.5 y onward. ⋯ The patient was homozygous for rs12325817, a frequent single-nucleotide polymorphism in the PEMT gene, associated with severe hepatosteatosis in response to choline deficiency. Resolution of steatosis required 2 y (4.5% fat). Discontinuation/resumption of choline supplementation resulted in rapid relapse/resolution of steatosis, increased transaminases, and abdominal pain.
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The aim of this study was to quantify the bioaccessibility of phosphorus from amino acid-based formulas (AAFs) under different digestive conditions. ⋯ The present findings indicated that phosphorus bioaccessibility in the in-vitro batch digestion model translates well into phosphorus bioavailability in mice even under compromised digestive conditions that bypass gastric acidification.