Nutrition
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This study aimed to test whether athlete-specific, bioelectrical, impedance-based equations to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) could be more accurate than generalized equations when testing resistance-trained exercisers. ⋯ When assessing body composition in resistance-trained exercisers, specific equations for athletes should be preferred to generalized ones to avoid an overestimation in FFM. Furthermore, athlete-specific and generalized formulas cannot be used interchangeably, even when assessing body composition in the general population.
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This study aimed to evaluate sex differences in the relationships of food security level with skeletal muscle mass and handgrip strength. ⋯ Low food security was associated with lower muscle mass and strength in men aged <60 y and weaker muscle strength in men aged ≥60 y and women of all ages. These results suggest sex differences in the relationships of food security with muscle mass and strength in individuals aged <60 y.
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Heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients is often complicated by abdominal obesity and arteriosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between adipose tissue distribution and arterial stiffness in patients with HFpEF. ⋯ In patients with HFpEF, adipose tissue distribution was correlated with arterial stiffness. VFA was independently associated with baPWV.
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Although beriberi is considered a forgotten disease in the West, Kashmir has a rice-eating population that has beriberi in endemic proportions. Patients with a thiamine deficiency (TD) occasionally present with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including nausea, recurrent vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal discomfort. Together these often respond to thiamine, which points to gastric beriberi. ⋯ Gastric beriberi is a rare presentation of TD that can lead to severe GI symptoms and lactic acidosis. Given the rapid response to thiamine, it is the standard-of-care treatment in such cases. Thus, clinicians should suspect TD when patients present with either mild or moderate-to-severe GI symptoms and raised blood lactate.
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This study investigated the nutritional quality and adequacy of school meals served to school-age children and adolescents. ⋯ Despite their benefit to alleviate hunger in schools, school meals contributed suboptimal energy and nutrients to deprived school-age children and adolescents. Inclusion of animal products, fruits, and vegetables may improve energy and nutritional values.