Nutrition
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Youngsters who are overweight or obese (YOO) have become an important global health concern. Some micronutrients may be modifiable influential factors. This study aimed to investigate the individual and joint association of whole-blood magnesium (WBMg) and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in YOO. ⋯ WBMg was an independent risk factor of YOO, and the associations were stronger among those with unhealthy blood lipids. Our findings can help to guide clinical and public health policies on the relevance of magnesium nutritional status.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic, affecting nearly 180 million people worldwide as of June 22, 2021. Previous studies have examined the association between the mean vitamin D (Vit D) concentration of each country and COVID-19 infection and mortality rate in European countries. The aim of the present study was to critically evaluate the relationship between prevalence of mild and severe Vit D deficiency in each country and COVID-19 infection, recovery, and mortality using updated data and a different methodological approach. ⋯ The prevalence of neither mild nor severe Vit D deficiency was associated with the number of COVID-19 infections in European countries. Thus, it is an important parameter to consider when implementing preventive measures to face COVID-19.
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We sought to evaluate the effect of socioeconomic conditions and variables related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the food insecurity of students during suspension of classes in public schools. ⋯ The prevalence of food insecurity was high, and policies for the distribution of food baskets may not be sufficient to guarantee food security for the most vulnerable families with a greater number of children. Considering the possible worsening of food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic, the National School Feeding Program has the potential to play a strategic role in promoting food security for students.
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Increased dietary fructose intake is associated with elevated body weight and body mass index. Few studies are available regarding the relationship between fat distribution and dietary fructose intake. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary fructose intake and fat distribution in adults in a large Newfoundland cohort. ⋯ This study demonstrated that dietary fructose intake is significantly correlated with arm fat in both women and men, and visceral fat in men in the Newfoundland free-living population. The correlations are sex- and menopause-status dependent.
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Patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) avoid sun exposure owing to photosensitivity. For decades, sun-avoiding Danes have been recommended daily vitamin D supplements all year. We offered our EPP patients serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) monitoring, and counseling if their level was low. We aimed to investigate the effect of the general recommendation and counseling on 25(OH)D status in patients attending our clinic. Additionally, the 25(OH)D status of our EPP patients was compared to that of British patients with EPP not taking vitamin D supplements and with that of the general Danish population. ⋯ This study documents the positive effect of vitamin D recommendations on serum 25(OH)D in patients with EPP. Follow-up on vitamin D status and recommendations is essential to increase 25(OH)D levels.