Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intermittent fasting enhances hippocampal NPY expression to promote neurogenesis after traumatic brain injury.
Interventions for preventing cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are limited. Given that adult hippocampal neurogenesis after brain injury contributes to cognitive recovery, and hippocampal neurogenesis is potentially affected by nutritional factors, the aim of this study was to examine whether fasting could promote hippocampal neurogenesis and thus ameliorate the cognitive defects after TBI. ⋯ These findings suggest that IF promotes hippocampal neurogenesis after TBI by a mechanism that involves enhancement of NPY expression, to alleviate cognitive dysfunction caused by injury.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Added bovine milk fat globule membrane in formula: Growth, body composition, and safety through age 2: An RCT.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an experimental formula (EF) with added whey protein-lipid concentrate (5 g/L; source of bovine milk fat globule membrane [bMFGM]) on growth, body composition, and safety through 24 mo of age in term infants. ⋯ During the first 2 y of life, infant formula with added bMFGM supports typical growth and safety compared with a standard formula.
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Review Meta Analysis
Exploring the minimum ergogenic dose of caffeine on resistance exercise performance: A meta-analytic approach.
Caffeine ingestion has well-established ergogenic effects for resistance exercise performance. However, the concept of a minimum effective caffeine dose has not yet been thoroughly examined in the literature. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the minimum ergogenic dose of caffeine on resistance exercise outcomes, such as muscular strength, endurance, and velocity, using a meta-analytic approach. ⋯ This review demonstrated an ergogenic effect of very low doses of caffeine on resistance exercise performance. The magnitude of these effects was similar to that previously reported with higher caffeine doses. These findings highlight that the minimal ergogenic doses of caffeine are even lower than previously suggested. Such doses of caffeine can be consumed through a regular diet, because for most individuals, a dose of approximately 1 to 2 mg/kg is equivalent to a dose of caffeine in one to two cups of coffee.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Vitamin K2 as a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention of muscle cramps in hemodialysis patients: A prospective multicenter, randomized, controlled, crossover pilot trial.
Muscle cramps occur in 33% to 78% of patients with dialysis. The etiology of muscle cramps is poorly understood, and no clear evidence-based prevention or treatment strategies exist. Improved interventions are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin K2 in reducing the frequency and severity of muscle cramps in hemodialysis (HD) patients. ⋯ This pilot trial demonstrated that vitamin K2 supplementation could decrease the frequency, duration, and severity of muscle cramps in HD patients.
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Review
Enteral and parenteral energy intake and neurodevelopment in preterm infants: A systematic review.
We performed a systematic review to study the effect of enteral and parenteral energy intakes on neurodevelopment (NDV) and cerebral growth in preterm infants, evaluated by NDV scales, magnetic resonance imaging, and head circumference (HC). ⋯ The impact of energy intake during early life on NDV remains undefined. A positive impact on brain development encourages the administration of recommended energy intake, mainly by EN, and suggests a more cautious approach to enhanced nutritional strategies by the parenteral route. Further studies are advocated to elucidate the optimal nutritional intervention for preterm infants to improve NDV.